Multiaxis 3D Woven Preform and Properties of Multiaxis 3D Woven and 3D Orthogonal Woven Carbon/Epoxy Composites

Abstract

In this study, multiaxis 3D woven preform was developed with five yarn sets: + bias, -bias, warp, filling, and z-yarns. The orientation of the yarns on the five axis have improved the mechanical properties of the preform. The yarns of the preforms, which were made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers, were consolidated with an epoxy resin. These preforms were tested and compared with the 3D orthogonal woven carbon composites. It was found that in-plane shear strength and modulus of multiaxis 3D woven composite were higher than that of the 3D orthogonal woven composite. However the bending strength, bending modulus, and the interlaminar shear strength of the multiaxis 3D woven composite were slightly lower than that of the 3D orthogonal woven composite because of the orientations of +/-bias yarns on both surfaces of the multiaxis 3D woven structure. The failures of both woven samples were also analyzed for the assessment of their mechanical behaviors. The unit cell of the multiaxis 3D woven preform was described. Depending on the unit cell geometry, some relationships were developed to predict the volume fraction of each yarn set in the preform and these predicted results were also compared with the measured values.

Multiaxis Three Dimensional (3D) Woven Fabric

“…Interlaminar shear strengths were determined as 47.1 MPa for multiaxis woven composite and as 52.2 MPa for orthogonal woven composite. Interlaminar shear strength of the 3D orthogonal woven composite was higher than that of multiaxis 3D woven composites www.intechopen.com (Bilisik, 2010d).…”

“…For this reasons, multiaxis 3D knitted fabric is layered and stitched to increase damage resistance and to reduce production cost (Dow and Dexter, 1997). Another experimental research was conducted on multiaxis and orthogonal 3D woven composites by Bilisik (2010d). Bending strength and modulus of the multiaxis and orthogonal woven composites were 569 and 715 MPa, and 43.5 and 50.5 GPa, respectively.…”

“…Hence, it can be concluded that the rigid beat-up is necessary. This unique problem can be solved by a special type of open reed, if the width ratio is considered the main design parameter (Bilisik, 2010d). Dry volume fraction in the fabricated preform shows that increasing the fiber content in the warp or ±bias and filling fiber sets results in a high total preform volume fraction and porosity in the crossing points of fiber sets in the preform is reduced (Bilisik, 2009a).…”

Development Of Multistitched Three-Dimensional (3D) Nanocomposite And Evaluation Of Its Mechanical And Impact Properties

“…However, the bending strength, bending modulus, and interlaminar shear strength of the multiaxis 3D woven carbon composite were slightly lower than those of the 3D orthogonal woven carbon composite. This was because of the orientations of the ±bias yarns on both surfaces of the multiaxis 3D woven structure [8,9]. The interlaminar shear strengths of the nanoparticlemodified composites were significantly improved (16%) by adding only 0.3 wt.…”

The Laser Interlaminar Reinforcement of Continuous Glass Fiber Composites

“…In conjunction with liquid resin transfer molding processes, stitched and woven fiber preforms with multi directional fiber architectures are an attractive alternative to prepregs. Bilisik and Bogdanovich investigated weaving and stitching techniques to manufacture composites with three dimensional fiber reinforcement preforms, which showed improved the fracture toughness and through thickness strength [5,6]. The introduction of woven or stitched fibers in the thickness direction displaces fibers in the planar directions similar to Z-pinning.…”