Multibeam Characteristics of a Negative Refractive Index Shaped Lens

Abstract

Narrow beam width, higher gain and multibeam characteristics are demanded in 5G technology. Array antennas that are utilized in the existing mobile base stations have many drawbacks when operating at upper 5G frequency bands. For example, due to the high frequency operation, the antenna elements become smaller and thus, in order to provide higher gain, more antenna elements and arrays are required, which will cause the feeding network design to be more complex. The lens antenna is one of the potential candidates to replace the current structure in mobile base station. Therefore, a negative refractive index shaped lens is proposed to provide high gain and narrow beamwidth using energy conservation and Abbe’s sine principle. The aim of this study is to investigate the multibeam characteristics of a negative refractive index shaped lens in mobile base station applications. In this paper, the feed positions for the multibeam are selected on the circle from the center of the lens and the accuracy of the feed position is validated through Electromagnetic (EM) simulation. Based on the analysis performed in this study, a negative refractive index shaped lens with a smaller radius and slender lens than the conventional lens is designed, with the additional capability of performing wide-angle beam scanning.

Recent advances in inkjet-printing technologies for flexible/wearable electronics

“…Sensors are often used to provide real-time information acquisition and make many relative technologies more cost-effective, reliable, and secure. 71 Until now, with the development of nanotechnology, multiple flexible sensors such as mechanical sensors, [72][73][74] humidity sensors, 75 temperature sensors, 76 and gas sensors, [77][78][79] have been profoundly fabricated, based on various nanomaterials and structures, to meet the needs of potential applications.…”

Parametric Analysis of Negative and Positive Refractive Index Lens Antenna by ANSYS HFSS

“…A phased array antenna is combined with a metasurface lens for extending the angular scan range, broadband, and multibeam [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. As for a dielectric lens antenna, it has better multibeam radiation patterns than those of a dual reflector antenna, and this type of antenna also has structural features such as no blockage and having the same size beam forming surfaces of the front and rear surfaces, and stable radiation pattern [18][19][20][21][22]. However, on the downside, the thickness of dielectric lens antenna becomes larger.…”

Editorial: Special Issue “Antenna Design for 5G and Beyond”

“…Hamid et al [12] focused on investigating the multibeam characteristics of a negative refractive index-shaped lens with high gain and narrow beamwidth to be operated at upper 5G frequency bands. Two types of negative refractive index lenses, including energy conservation and Abbe's sine lenses, were designed and their parameters are studied.…”