Multibeam Cylindrical Conformal Array in the Presence of Enhanced Mutual Coupling

Abstract

The limitations of conventional sensors have made array antennas increasingly crucial for gathering information and communication applications in intelligent transportation and communication systems. Compact cylindrical arrays are particularly favored for their ability to achieve azimuth angle scanning. However, the substantial mutual coupling effect between the elements on curved surfaces and its implication for these arrays remain unclear, which is a key factor to consider when such arrays are used for multibeam applications. This study investigates the effect of mutual coupling in a dual-slant-polarized cylindrical array. The results showed that mutual coupling is predominantly observed among the closely located elements, and it is essential for achieving an ultra-wide bandwidth. The study also analyzes the impact of mutual coupling on the scan impedance and radiation characteristics for multibeam applications and reveals that these arrays exhibit robust multibeam capability, hence having great potential for use in sensing and communication applications.