“…Since the TiO 2 NFs with both anatase and rutile phase show better photocatalytic properties than that of either phase alone [ 44 ], calcination was performed at 800 °C to maintain the phase crystallinity of the composite structure. The presence of ZnO in the ZnO-TiO 2 -CNFs composite was confirmed by several peaks at 31.8°, 34.5°, 36.4°, 47.6°, 56.6°, 62.8°, 66.3°, 68.1°, 69°, and 76.88°, which correspond to the crystal planes of (1 0 0), (0 0 2), (1 0 1), (1 0 2), (1 1 0), (1 0 3), (2 0 0), (1 1 2), (2 0 1), and (2 0 2) phases of ZnO [ 12 , 13 , 45 ]. The presence of TiO 2 , ZnO, and carbon peaks in the ZnO-TiO 2 -CNFs composite indicated that the ZnO NPs were successfully loaded into the TiO 2 -CNFs composite.…”