Multicentre evaluation of a selective isolation protocol for detection of mcr-positive E. coli and Salmonella spp. in food-producing animals and meat

Perrin-Guyomard, Agnès; Granier, Sophie A.; Slettemeås, Jannice Schau; Anjum, Muna F.; Randall, Luke; AbuOun, Manal; Pauly, Natalie; Irrgang, Alexandra; Hammerl, Jens A.; Kjeldgaard, Jette Sejer; Hammerum, Anette M.; Franco, Alessia; Skarżyńska, Magdalena; Kamińska, Ewelina; Wasyl, Dariusz; Dierikx, Cindy; Börjesson, Stefan; Geurts, Yvon; Haenni, Marisa; Veldman, Kees

doi:10.1111/lam.13717

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The majority of prevalence studies screened for only a single E. coli isolate per animal, consequently, mcr -positive strains present in the intestinal microbiota of the animal could remain undetected and are named the ‘phantom resistome’ [ 20 ]. In our study, the use of colistin-supplemented media after an enrichment step in the presence of colistin likely increased the identification of mcr -positive E. coli isolates, which is in agreement with previous reports showing the importance of an enrichment step with colistin to detect mcr -positive E. coli [ 21 , 22 ]. Screening performed on ESBL-producing or ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli also contributed here to the identification of higher proportions of mcr -positive E. coli isolates in cattle and also shown by others in France.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

High Fecal Prevalence of mcr-Positive Escherichia coli in Veal Calves at Slaughter in France

Dupouy

Arpaillange

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of healthy veal calves carrying mcr-positive E. coli strains at the time of slaughter in France. Fecal samples were selectively screened for mcr-positive E. coli isolates using media supplemented with colistin. Screening for mcr genes was also carried out in E. coli isolates resistant to critically important antimicrobials used in human medicine recovered from the same fecal samples. Overall, 28 (16.5%) out of the 170 veal calves tested carried mcr-positive E. coli. As some calves carried several non-redundant mcr-positive strains, 41 mcr-positive E. coli were recovered. Thirty-one and seven strains were positive for mcr-1 and mcr-3 genes, respectively, while no strain was positive for the mcr-2 gene. Co-carriage of mcr-1 and mcr-3 was identified in three strains. All mcr-positive E. coli isolates, except one, were multidrug-resistant, with 56.1% being ciprofloxacin-resistant and 31.7% harboring blaCTX-M genes. All mcr-3-positive E. coli carried blaCTX-M genes, mainly blaCTX-M-55. This study highlights the high prevalence of mcr-positive E. coli strains in feces of veal calves at the time of slaughter. It also points out the multidrug (including ciprofloxacin) resistance of such strains and the co-occurrence of mcr-3 genes with blaCTX-M-55 genes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

High Fecal Prevalence of mcr-Positive Escherichia coli in Veal Calves at Slaughter in France

Dupouy

Arpaillange

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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“…The lower prevalence compared to our results could be partially explained by the study design, as in the French study no meat samples were included and mcr genes were tested in E. coli obtained on colistin-free media. The observed differences between studies are often influenced by different methodological approaches which include: (i) the use of colistin-supplemented media for selection of resistant isolates with concentration of colistin ranging from 2 to 4 mg/L ( 30 , 32 – 34 ), (ii) testing mcr genes in all isolates despite their susceptibility profile, or (iii) performing testing in selected isolates based on colistin MIC values. This supports the need to harmonize the surveillance of colistin resistance as we have for ESBL/AmpC/carbapenemases in E. coli ( 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent multicenter evaluation of selective isolation protocol for detection of mcr -positive E. coli and Salmonella spp. ( 32 ) represents a great step forward toward this harmonization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance from fresh meat and slaughtered animals in the Czech Republic: nation-wide surveillance 2020–2021

Sismova,

Sukkar,

Kolidentsev

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in domestic and imported meat and slaughter animals in the Czech Republic during 2020–2021 by using selective cultivation and direct PCR testing. A total of 111 colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates with mcr-1 gene were obtained from 65 (9.9%, n = 659) samples and subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Isolates with mcr were frequently found in fresh meat from domestic production (14.2%) as well as from import (28.8%). The mcr-1 -positive E. coli isolates predominantly originated from meat samples (16.6%), mainly poultry (27.1%), and only minor part of the isolates came from the cecum (1.7%). In contrast to selective cultivation, 205 (31.1%) samples of whole-community DNA were positive for at least one mcr variant, and other genes besides mcr-1 were detected. Analysis of whole-genome data of sequenced E. coli isolates revealed diverse sequence types (STs) including pathogenic lineages and dominance of ST1011 (15.6%) and ST162 (12.8%). Most isolates showed multidrug-resistant profile, and 9% of isolates produced clinically important beta-lactamases. The mcr-1 gene was predominantly located on one of three conjugative plasmids of IncX4 (83.5%), IncI2 (7.3%), and IncHI2 (7.3%) groups. Seventy-two percent isolates of several STs carried ColV plasmids. The study revealed high prevalence of mcr genes in fresh meat of slaughter animals. Our results confirmed previous assumptions that the livestock, especially poultry production, is an important source of colistin-resistant E. coli with the potential of transfer to humans via the food chain. IMPORTANCE We present the first data on nation-wide surveillance of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in the Czech Republic. High occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance was found in meat samples, especially in poultry from both domestic production and import, while the presence of mcr genes was lower in the gut of slaughter animals. In contrast to culture-based approach, testing of whole-community DNA showed higher prevalence of mcr and presence of various mcr variants. Our results support the importance of combining cultivation methods with direct culture-independent techniques and highlight the need for harmonized surveillance of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance. Our study confirmed the importance of livestock as a major reservoir of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance and pointed out the risks of poultry meat for the transmission of mcr genes toward humans. We identified several mcr -associated prevalent STs, especially ST1011, which should be monitored further as they represent zoonotic bacteria circulating between different environments.

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“…Positive controls for mcr -1 and mcr -5 were obtained using Salmonella reference strains 12CEB2196SAL [ 15 ] and S12LNR3592 [ 16 ], respectively. These strains belong to the French reference laboratory (Anses, Maisons-Alfort, France).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Known Report of mcr-Harboring Enterobacteriaceae in the Dominican Republic

Perdomo

Webb

Bugarel

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Colistin is a last-resort antibiotic used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. People with a history of travel to the Dominican Republic have become sick with pathogenic bacteria carrying the mobile colistin resistance gene, mcr-1, during and after traveling. This investigation aimed to identify mcr genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from food animal sources in the Dominican Republic. Three hundred and eleven samples were tested, from which 1354 bacterial isolates were obtained. Real-time PCR tests showed that 70.7% (220 out of 311) of the samples and 3.2% (44 out of 1354) of the isolates tested positive for the mcr gene. All RT-PCR presumptive mcr-positive isolates (n = 44) and a subset (n = 133) of RT-PCR presumptive mcr-negative isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. WGS analysis showed that 39 isolates carried the mcr gene, with 37 confirmed as positive through RT-PCR and two as negative. Further, all of the mcr-positive genomes were identified as Escherichia coli and all contained a IncX4 plasmid replicon. Resistant determinants for other antibiotics important for human health were found in almost all isolates carrying mcr genes.

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Multicentre evaluation of a selective isolation protocol for detection of mcr-positive E. coli and Salmonella spp. in food-producing animals and meat

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

High Fecal Prevalence of mcr-Positive Escherichia coli in Veal Calves at Slaughter in France

High Fecal Prevalence of mcr-Positive Escherichia coli in Veal Calves at Slaughter in France

Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance from fresh meat and slaughtered animals in the Czech Republic: nation-wide surveillance 2020–2021

First Known Report of mcr-Harboring Enterobacteriaceae in the Dominican Republic

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