Multichamber Tunable Liquid Microlenses with Active Aberration Correction

Mader, Daniel; Waibel, Philipp; Seifert, Andreas; Zappe, Hans

doi:10.1109/memsys.2009.4805552

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this work, we do not measure image qualities such as aberration or wave front error. However, the previous mechanical liquid lenses [9,10] using a PDMS membrane, which are similar to the present work, demonstrate good performance by characterizing optical image qualities such as aberration and wave front error.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…However, the electrowetting lens requires a relatively high voltage (∼100 V). The second type is the mechanical liquid lens [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. By pumping liquid in and out of the lens chamber, the mechanical liquid lens continuously changes its curvature; then, the focal length of the lens is changed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical liquid lens easily makes a large aperture as well as it presents a high lens power without changing the lens aperture size. Moreover, previously mechanical liquid lenses [9,10] using a PDMS membrane demonstrate good performance by characterizing optical image qualities such as aberration and wave front error. However, for the precise control of the lens curvature, they need to have a precise pressure [3][4][5] control requiring an external pressure sensor and regulator or fluidic volume [6][7][8] control requiring an external fluidic supplier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to the previous analog mechanical liquid lenses [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] based on continuous fluidic pressure or volume control, the present digital liquid lens changes its curvature and focal length by the bit actuator without requiring high-cost pressure controllers or sensors for the precise control of the pressure or fluidic volume. As shown in figure 1, we present a 4 bit digital liquid lens which changes its curvature using the binary control of the 4 bit actuator (b 4 , b 3 , b 2 and b 1 actuators).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A 4 bit digital liquid lens for variable focal length

Lee¹,

Cho²

2010

J. Micromech. Microeng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a 4 bit digital liquid lens for variable focal length using a 4 bit actuator (b 1 , b 2 , b 3 and b 4 bit actuators). The 4 bit actuator, where 1, 2, 4 and 8 unit pneumatic actuators are serially connected with binary-combination, pushes a discrete fluidic volume into the lens in 2 4 different levels. Thus, the 4 bit digital actuation mode (b 4 b 3 b 2 b 1 ) from (0 0 0 0) to (1 1 1 1) makes 2 4 different levels of lens curvature and focal length. Experimentally, we verify that the 4 bit actuator pushes the volume of 0.074 nl ± 0.02 nl to the lens per one bit and changes the focal length from 3.63 mm to 38.6 mm in 16 levels. The present 4 bit digital liquid lens performs the focal length variation without requiring high-cost controllers or sensors for precise control of the pressure or fluidic volume, thus it is suitable for use in integrated optical systems.

show abstract

Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%