Multichannel joint resolution enhancement for nonstationary prestack data with adaptive structure regularization

Abstract

Seismic waves always suffer from amplitude dissipation and phase distortion and such attenuation-induced effects will degrade the quality of seismic data. Therefore, a slew of researches on attenuation compensation have been proposed to correct the attenuation effects and improve the resolution of original data. In recent years, geophysicists have paid more attention on prestack compensation because prestack data contains more information of subsurface medium. However, it is challenging to implement prestack compensation for which the traveltime of prestack data is hard to be determined unless an accurate velocity model is available. Furthermore, prestack data usually behaves lower signal to noise ratio (SNR), which is more prone to noise amplification during compensation. In order to improve the performance of prestack compensation, we propose a robust structure-oriented multichannel prestack compensation method. We incorporate additional adaptive structure regularization to stabilize the processing of compensation. We refer the proposed structure constrained multichannel prestack compensation method as SCMPC. With the help of adaptive structure regularization, the proposed method has a superior ability to suppress those artifacts caused by ambient noises and enhance the consistency of effective signals during compensation. Compared with classic single-channel prestack compensation methods (SPC), the proposed SCMPC method can provide a better result with higher accuracy and SNR. We adopt synthetic and field examples to further validate the well performance of the proposed method.