Multichannel synthetic aperture radar signatures and imaging of a moving target

Jao, Jen King; Yegulalp, A.F.

doi:10.1088/0266-5611/29/5/054009

Cited by 40 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…1. A discussion of this target migration effect for constant velocity targets in stripmap SAR imagery was presented by Jao [24].…”

Section: Constant Velocity Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These morphological shapes reveal smearing that lies primarily in the cross-range direction, with a slight bowing that is either concave up or concave down. This result applies for any target that moves with constant velocity [24]. An analytic explanation follows from a power series expansion analysis of the various phase error contributions, as has been presented in numerous works [7,24,[27][28][29][30]].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This result applies for any target that moves with constant velocity [24]. An analytic explanation follows from a power series expansion analysis of the various phase error contributions, as has been presented in numerous works [7,24,[27][28][29][30]]. There appears to be a common perception that all moving target signatures are defocused with shapes of approximate parabolas, or more specifically, elliptic or hyperbolic curves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Jao [24] has investigated the phenomenology that a moving target signature in stripmap-mode SAR imagery has a curved bowing signature in the down-range direction. The bowing of moving target signatures is related to the range migration effects that occur prior to the focusing of stationary scenes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional focusing algorithms do not compensate for this residual range migration and result in imagery containing residual defocus at lower radar frequencies. Recently, Rahman [26] has investigated the application of the RMA to the focusing of moving targets which bear the characteristic curvature morphology [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smear signature morphology of surface targets with arbitrary motion in spotlight synthetic aperture radar imagery

Garren

2014

IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation

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This study develops a methodology for analytically predicting the detailed smear signature morphology of surface targets with arbitrary motion in spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. The radar sensor is assumed to move with constant speed and heading on a level flight path with broadside imaging geometry. Cases of uniform target motion exhibit morphology of simply curved smear shapes, as has been reported previously. However, the present analysis shows that nonuniform target motion can cause complicated smear shapes in spotlight SAR imagery. Specifically, the method of stationary phase is applied to local subaperture SAR images to yield analytic non-parametric expressions for the morphology of smear signatures within spotlight SAR imagery for surface targets with arbitrary motion trajectories. This predictive capability offers the potential of extracting some characteristics of true target motion based upon the induced SAR smear signatures alone.

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“…1. A discussion of this target migration effect for constant velocity targets in stripmap SAR imagery was presented by Jao [24].…”

Section: Constant Velocity Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Smear signature morphology of surface targets with arbitrary motion in spotlight synthetic aperture radar imagery

Garren

2014

IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation

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Radar imaging

Borden¹,

Cheney²

2013

Inverse Problems

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Because of their ability to operate without regard to day, night or weather conditions, radar systems are ubiquitous in remote sensing operations and are used in a wide variety of commercial and military applications. High resolution radar imaging, however, is a remote sensing subcategory that requires raw radar data to be collected over an artificially extended aperture that is much larger than the radar receiving antenna and processed to create a reflectivity image of a scene (typically by backprojection methods). These synthetic aperture radar imaging (SAR) methods have been in use for over 50 years and, while the methodology for simple radar imaging is quite mature, there are still many active research programs seeking to extend the quality of-and information obtained from-SAR images.At its heart, basic SAR imaging relies on a simplified model in which the electromagnetic waves propagate through vacuum from a known antenna location, and elements of the scene to be imaged are weakly scattering point-like elements whose relative positions are fixed during the data collection interval. When this model fails to accurately represent a particular imaging scenario, the usual result is image artifacts which confound follow-on interpretation. In the case of dynamic scenes, for example, we typically find that the locations of moving scene elements are often significantly displaced in the final image (relative to other scene components). This problem has been recognized for many decades but only recently have concerted research efforts been mounted to attack the issue.Limitations associated with the point scatterer model are not quite so apparent as in the moving target case. Here, the problem is more one of lost information than artifacts (though associated image artifacts are possible as well). Generally, the echo response from a target will be characterized by more than just its intensity and more careful models have lately included depolarization effects and frequency dependence in an effort to more completely characterize the behavior of the reconstructed SAR image.As with any computed image method there will, of course, be issues of effective and efficient algorithm design. Owing to the practical problems of collecting the radar data over a synthetic aperture (often measured by aircraft negotiating imprecise flight paths), the problem of SAR image reconstruction can be especially troublesome. Data registration errors, nonuniform sampling issues and wave propagation through complex media can adversely affect the reliability of the data by adding unknown phase errors which, in turn, reduce image resolution.In this special section, we have invited contributions from many of the leading researchers in the mathematics, physics and engineering of SAR imaging techniques. The papers collected here fall (roughly) into three categories.

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An Accurate Imaging and Doppler Chirp Rate Estimation Algorithm for Airborne CSSAR-GMTI Systems

Лиу

Wang

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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Airborne circular stripmap synthetic aperture radar (CSSAR)-ground moving target indication (GMTI) systems are attractive tools for air-to-ground surveillance and monitoring, because of their advantages of short revisit time and large coverage. This paper proposes an accurate imaging and Doppler chirp rate estimation algorithm for the airborne CSSAR-GMTI system with high range resolution. A key step of this algorithm is to utilize an alternation strategy to implement the correction of the target's range cell migration and the estimation of the range equation's quadratic coefficient alternatively. This step enables the proposed algorithm to achieve an accurate imaging and Doppler chirp rate estimation of a ground moving target. In addition, this paper presents an investigation on the accuracy of the quadratic-approximated range equation for ground moving target imaging. Numerical experiments are conducted to validate the proposed algorithm. INDEX TERMSSynthetic aperture radar, ground moving target indication, ground moving target imaging, Doppler chirp rate estimation. YONGKANG LI (M'19) was born in Hunan, China, in 1988. He received the B.Eng. degree in electronic information engineering and the Ph.D. degree in signal and information processing from

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Multichannel synthetic aperture radar signatures and imaging of a moving target

Cited by 40 publications

References 85 publications

Smear signature morphology of surface targets with arbitrary motion in spotlight synthetic aperture radar imagery

Smear signature morphology of surface targets with arbitrary motion in spotlight synthetic aperture radar imagery

Radar imaging

An Accurate Imaging and Doppler Chirp Rate Estimation Algorithm for Airborne CSSAR-GMTI Systems

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