Multicolor Field Effect Liquid Crystal Display Devices

Development of liquid crystal displays and related improvements to their performances

“…The same demo was also performed at Tokyo Institute of Technology. It was also presented at the 1973 SID International Symposium 23) and published in The Proceedings of SID in 1974. 24) The TN LCD shown in Fig.…”

“…It was also presented at the 1973 SID International Symposium 23) and published in The Proceedings of SID in 1974. 24) The TN LCD shown in Fig. 16 was fabricated using a prototype of the rubbing machine; its practical version was invented by S. Kobayashi in 1972-1973.…”

“…Therefore, it was necessary to fabricate defect-free LCDs with high optical quality for practical applications. To realize defect-free LCDs, S. Kobayashi and his colleagues successfully fabricated defect-free LCDs, 23 – 25 ) which will be discussed and introduced later in Section 3, and E.P. Raynes successfully removed reverse twist disclinations in LCs by doping them with chiral molecules to fabricate a cholesteric LC.…”

“…It was also presented at the 1973 SID International Symposium 23 ) and published in The Proceedings of SID in 1974. 24 )…”

“…16 was fabricated using a prototype of the rubbing machine; its practical version was invented by S. Kobayashi in 1972–1973. 22 , 23 , 48 ) The rubbing machine consists of a metal cylinder wrapped with a fabric such as a woolen close, and the cylinder is rotated and horizontally transferred to rub the substrate plate covered with a transparent electrode and polymer film-like polyimide, where the pressure of the cylinder on the substrate is precisely controlled to determine the rubbing strength. Currently, such rubbing machines with the same principle and cylinder structure are in laboratories and factories around the world.…”