Multicomponent Seismic Technology

Hardage, Bob A.; DeAngelo, Michael V.; Murray, Paul E.; Sava, Diana

doi:10.1190/1.9781560802891

Cited by 78 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…All three stacked images should be migrated and used in geological applications. As documented by Hardage et al (2011) relative to P-SV imaging, some geologic features are sometimes better seen in one of these three images than in its two companion images. Thus all three stacked and migrated images of SV-P and P-SV data are used in geological interpretations.…”

Section: Constructing Converted-mode Imagesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Because a single value of V P /V S is used for the entire propagation paths that downgoing and upgoing modes traverse in these CCP fold calculations, the fold patterns and magnitudes shown on the maps are those associated with asymptotic bins, which are deep bins in CCP image space (Hardage et al, 2011). Even though the fold calculations do not apply to shallow targets, they are still valuable for selecting a data-acquisition geometry that produces appropriate CCP stacking fold at critical target depths.…”

Section: Fold Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improving the Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting of CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestered in Geologic Systems with Multicomponent Seismic Technology and Rock Physics Modeling

Alkan¹,

DeAngelo²,

Hardage³

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research done in this study showed that P-SV seismic data provide better spatial resolution of geologic targets at our Appalachian Basin study area than do P-P data. This finding is important because the latter data (P-P) are the principal seismic data used to evaluate rock systems considered for CO 2 sequestration. The increase in P-SV 1 resolution over P-P resolution was particularly significant, with P-SV 1 wavelengths being approximately 40-percent shorter than P-P wavelengths. CO 2 sequestration projects across the Appalachian Basin should take advantage of the increased resolution provided by converted-shear seismic modes relative to P-wave seismic data.In addition to S-wave data providing better resolution of geologic targets, we found S-wave images described reservoir heterogeneities that P-P data could not see. Specifically, a channel-like anomaly was imaged in a key porous sandstone interval by P-SV 1 data, and no indication of the feature existed in P-P data. If any stratigraphic unit is considered for CO 2 storage purposes, it is important to know all heterogeneities internal to the unit to understand reservoir compartmentalization. We conclude it is essential that multicomponent seismic data be used to evaluate all potential reservoir targets whenever a CO 2 storage effort is considered, particularly when sequestration efforts are initiated in the Appalachian Basin.Significant differences were observed between P-wave sequences and Swave sequences in data windows corresponding to the Oriskany Sandstone, a popular unit considered for CO 2 sequestration. This example demonstrates that S-wave sequences and facies often differ from P-wave sequences and facies and is a principle we have observed in every multicomponent seismic interpretation our research laboratory has done. As a result, we now emphasis elastic wavefield seismic stratigraphy in our reservoir characterization studies, which is a science based on the concept that the same weight must be given to S-wave sequences and facies as is given to P-wave sequences and facies. This philosophy differs from the standard practice of depending on only conventional P-wave seismic stratigraphy to characterize reservoir units.The fundamental physics of elastic wavefield seismic stratigraphy is that Swave modes sense different sequences and facies across some intervals than does a P-wave mode because S-wave displacement vectors are orthogonal to Pwave displacement vectors and thus react to a different rock fabric than do P waves. Although P and S images are different, both images can still be correct in terms of the rock fabric information they reveal.ii

show abstract

Section: Constructing Converted-mode Imagesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Fold Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting of CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestered in Geologic Systems with Multicomponent Seismic Technology and Rock Physics Modeling

Alkan¹,

DeAngelo²,

Hardage³

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…В монографии [Hardage et al, 2011] утверждается, что PS(вдоль)>PS(поперек), причем это как бы имеет место всегда (заметим, что здесь и далее сравнивают-ся абсолютные значения коэффициентов отражения). Такой вывод делается на основе анализа этих коэф-фициентов для модели, в которой изотропный слой имел довольно низкие значения скоростей и плотнос-ти по сравнению со значениями вмещающей матрицы (среды без трещин) нижнего отражающего слоя.…”

Section: определение направления простирания трещинного коллектораunclassified

Reference models for vertical seismic profiling

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

В статье рассмотрены модели реальных сред, используемые при проведении работ методом вер-тикального сейсмического профилирования, а также при обработке и интерпретации материалов. Показано, что обусловленные неточностями модели "подводные камни", подчас игнорируемые в различных технологиях метода, могут привести к грубым ошибкам и абсурдным результатам. Пока-зано также, что однозначно решить вопрос о направлении простирания трещин, выявленных в ре-зультате проведения кругового вертикального сейсмического профилирования, позволяет моделиро-вание, опирающееся на теорию эффективных сред.Технологии Moscow, B. Gruzinskaya str., 10, Russia; Pitfalls due to poor accuracy of starting models used for reference in VSP data acquisition, processing, and interpretation are often neglected but may lead to large errors and inconsistent solutions. The orientations of fracture systems detected by walk-around VSP can be rigorously constrained by modelling on the basis of the effective medium approximation.VSP, reference models, effective medium theory, fractured reservoir ВВЕДЕНИЕПо мере развития сейсморазведки как науки ус-ложнялись и совершенствовались модели реальных сред, занявшие к началу XXI в. прочное место на всех этапах подготовки и проведения исследований -от составления проекта работ до геологической интер-претации полученных результатов [Пузырев, 2001; Козлов, 2006]. Принято считать, что метод вертикального сейс-мического профилирования (ВСП) является основ-ным источником информации при построении моде-лей реальных сред в сейсморазведке. Однако сам по себе метод крайне нуждается в построении моделей, параметризация которых проводится на всех этапах работ -от их проведения до решения обратных задач, нацеленных на количественное определение парамет-ров модели. Неоправданное упрощение моделей при-водит подчас к тому, что на выходе получаются неточ-ные и даже абсурдные результаты, не оправдывающие надежд наземной сейсморазведки. Всего же метод ВСП традиционно решает три группы задач, в каждой из которых выбор моделей играет первостепенную роль:• повышение эффективности наземной сейсмо-разведки (выбор условий возбуждения, изучение ус-ловий выделения полезных волн, стратиграфическая привязка отражений, определение сейсмических ско-ростей, неупругого поглощения и др.);• изучение околоскважинного пространства (оп-ределение геометрии сейсмических границ, неструк-турные задачи, выбор оптимальной модификации ме-тода);• решение технологических задач (прогноз разре-за ниже забоя скважины, определение простирания трещин и др.).Ниже выбор моделей реальных сред и их роль рассматриваются на всех этапах решения задач мето-дом ВСП -от проведения работ до интерпретации результатов. МОДЕЛИ РЕАЛЬНЫХ СРЕД ПРИ ПРОВЕДЕНИИ РАБОТПри проведении работ методом ВСП априорная информация о строении верхней части разреза позво-ляет управлять спектром возбуждаемых сейсмических

show abstract

“…Thus all interpreted faults shown on Figures 5.4 and 5.9 are suspect. Other studies have demonstrated that S-wave data are more responsive to faults than are P-wave data (Hardage, et al, 2011;Pope et al, 2000;Cary and Couzens, 2000). We are thus not surprised that more faults are indicated on the SH-SH image (Fig.…”

Section: P-wave Noise Rejectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Technology Adapted to Analyzing and Developing Geothermal Systems Below Surface-Exposed High-Velocity Rocks Final Report

DeAngelo

Ermolaeva

Hardage

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of our research was to develop and demonstrate seismic dataacquisition and data-processing technologies that allow geothermal prospects below high-velocity rock outcrops to be evaluated. To do this, we acquired a 3-component seismic test line across an area of exposed high-velocity rocks in Brewster County, Texas, where there is high heat flow and surface conditions mimic those found at numerous geothermal prospects. Seismic contractors have not succeeded in creating good-quality seismic data in this area for companies who have acquired data for oil and gas exploitation purposes. Our test profile traversed an area where high-velocity rocks and low-velocity sediment were exposed on the surface in alternating patterns that repeated along the test line. We verified that these surface conditions cause non-ending reverberations of Love waves, Rayleigh waves, and shallow critical refractions to travel across the earth surface between the boundaries of the fast-velocity and slow-velocity material exposed on the surface. These reverberating surface waves form the high level of noise in this area that does not allow reflections from deep interfaces to be seen and utilized. Our data-acquisition method of deploying a box array of closely spaced geophones allowed us to recognize and evaluate these surface-wave noise modes regardless of the azimuth direction to the surface anomaly that backscattered the waves and caused them to return to the test-line profile.With this knowledge of the surface-wave noise, we were able to process these test-line data to create P-P and SH-SH images that were superior to those produced by a skilled seismic data-processing contractor. Compared to the P-P data acquired along the test line, the SH-SH data provided a better detection of faults and could be used to trace these faults upward to the boundaries of exposed surface rocks. We expanded our comparison of the relative value of S-wave and P-wave seismic data for geothermal applications by inserting into this report a small part of the interpretation we have done with 3C3D data across Wister geothermal field in the Imperial Valley of California. This interpretation shows that P-SV data reveal faults (and by inference, also fractures) that cannot be easily, or confidently, seen with P-P data, and that the combination of P-P and P-SV data allows V P /V S velocity ratios to be estimated across a targeted reservoir interval to show where an interval has more sandstone (the preferred reservoir facies).The conclusion reached from this investigation is that S-wave seismic technology can be invaluable to geothermal operators. Thus we developed a strong interest in understanding the direct-S modes produced by vertical-force sources, particularly vertical vibrators, because if it can be demonstrated that direct-S modes produced by vertical-force sources can be used as effectively as the direct-S modes produced by horizontal-force sources, geothermal operators can acquire direct-S data across many more prospect areas than can be don...

show abstract

Multicomponent Seismic Technology

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Improving the Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting of CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestered in Geologic Systems with Multicomponent Seismic Technology and Rock Physics Modeling

Improving the Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting of CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestered in Geologic Systems with Multicomponent Seismic Technology and Rock Physics Modeling

Reference models for vertical seismic profiling

Seismic Technology Adapted to Analyzing and Developing Geothermal Systems Below Surface-Exposed High-Velocity Rocks Final Report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About