Multicultural America: A Multimedia Encyclopedia

Cortes, Carlos E.; Sloan, Jane

doi:10.4135/9781452276274

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The philosophy and belief in "manifest destiny," for example, justified unrestrained 19th century American expansion resulting in the forced removal of Native American from their lands, and provided a rationale for going to war with Mexico. There was a belief that God had decreed to Whites the right to expand and to impose their way of life on indigenous people who were described as heathens, uncivilized and primitive (Cortes, 2013;Sue, 2003). Like their individual counterparts, macroaggressions from a societal viewpoint can also be classified as macroassaults (Jim Crow laws), macroinsults (governmental policies aimed at civilizing American Indians), and macroinvalidations (forced assimilation and acculturation).…”

Section: Sarah Alsaidimentioning

confidence: 99%

Disarming racial microaggressions: Microintervention strategies for targets, White allies, and bystanders.

Sue¹,

Alsaidi²,

Awad³

et al. 2019

American Psychologist

553

472

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Given the immense harm inflicted on individuals and groups of color via prejudice and discrimination, it becomes imperative for our nation to begin the process of disrupting, dismantling, and disarming the constant onslaught of micro- and macroaggressions. For too long, acceptance, silence, passivity, and inaction have been the predominant, albeit ineffective, strategies for coping with microaggressions. Inaction does nothing but support and proliferate biased perpetrator behaviors which occur at individual, institutional and societal levels. This article introduces a new strategic framework developed for addressing microaggressions that moves beyond coping and survival to concrete action steps and dialogues that targets, allies, and bystanders can perform (microinterventions). A review of responses to racist acts, suggest that microaggression reactions/interventions may be primarily to (a) remain passive, retreat, or give up; (b) strike back or hurt the aggressor; (c) stop, diminish, deflect, or put an end to the harmful act; (d) educate the perpetrator; (e) validate and support the targets; (f) act as an ally; (g) seek social support; (h) enlist outside authority or institutional intervention; or (h) achieve any combination of these objectives. We organize these responses into four major strategic goals of microinterventions: (a) make the invisible visible, (b) disarm the microaggression, (c) educate the perpetrator, and (d) seek external reinforcement or support. The objectives and rationale for each goal are discussed, along with specific microintervention tactics to employ and examples of how they are executed.

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Section: Sarah Alsaidimentioning

confidence: 99%

Disarming racial microaggressions: Microintervention strategies for targets, White allies, and bystanders.

Sue¹,

Alsaidi²,

Awad³

et al. 2019

American Psychologist

553

472

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using this dialect may denote that they do not know the particular English words, and out of necessity substitute the missing phrases with familiar Spanish vocabulary (Waltermire 2014: 1-4;RodríguezGonzález and ParafitoCouto 2012: 461;Prieto 2014: 360). Scholars also emphasise that speakers with a certain degree of fluency continue using Spanglish to express their hybrid identity (Cortés 2013(Cortés : 1986Neuliep 2015: 107;Alvarez 1997: B4). However, this is not the case for the narrator, who does not speak Spanglish, and instead starts exploring the linguistic potential of English.…”

Section: Deaths and Rebirthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cubanness and Americanness: Identity Negotiations in Learning to Die in Miami: Confessions of a Refugee Boy by Carlos Eire

Martynuska

2022

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This article explores emerging identities in the memoir Learning to Die in Miami: Confessions of a Refugee Boy by Carlos Eire. The narrator experiences multiple exiles during his voyage into the diverse cultural landscapes of the USA and treats those transitions as symbolic deaths leading to cultural renewal. The character interprets everything through his selective recollections from Cuba, and the constant critique of his antiquated roots diminishes the value of past experiences. The process of Eire’s Americanisation is inevitably linked with his anti-nostalgia. The essay emphasises the moments when the narrator reproduces himself through transformation, and his reminiscences of Cuba tend to be more positive. Although this journey takes place within the American environment, Eire experiences the “nearness” of Cubanness, which lessens his attachment to Americanness. Ethnic foodways and ties of kinship are the primary elements bridging Carlos with Cubanidad. Negotiating the narrator’s identity is a fluid process of cultural renewal when he struggles with “in-betweenness” and attempts rejection of his Cuban self. However, life experiences change his approach, giving him a greater appreciation for his ethnic roots.

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The Table Setting as Medium: Lived Curriculum and Mixed-Race Identity

Wilson¹

2020

Art Education

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Multicultural America: A Multimedia Encyclopedia

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Disarming racial microaggressions: Microintervention strategies for targets, White allies, and bystanders.

Disarming racial microaggressions: Microintervention strategies for targets, White allies, and bystanders.

Cubanness and Americanness: Identity Negotiations in Learning to Die in Miami: Confessions of a Refugee Boy by Carlos Eire

The Table Setting as Medium: Lived Curriculum and Mixed-Race Identity

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