Multiculturalismo neoliberal extractivo en la cuestión hidroeléctrica en territorio mapuche. Un análisis a la implementación de la consulta indígena en Chile

Abstract

Conflicts over the installation of hydroelectric power plants in Mapuche territory have increasingly emerged over the last twenty years, and so have policies proposing to include indigenous peoples. In this article I explore how multiculturalism-as expressed in the implementation of indigenous consultation in hydroelectric projects in Mapuche territoryrelates to changes in energy policy. I first propose a definition of what I have deemed extractive neoliberal multiculturalism. I then provide an account of the hydroelectric issue 1 Agradezco los comentarios de las evaluaciones anónimas, así

Commons of the South: Ecologies of Interdependence in Local Territories of Chile

“…Kizugvnewkvlelafuy ta che can be translated literally as "nobody is, or has been, their own boss" [48]. Az Mapu, or Mapuche law, also provides guidance on the relational dimension of the commons [15]. The Mapuche normative system conserves community dynamics of the ancestral Mapuche culture.…”

“…Given the current crisis of the commons and the complexification of this concept now in vogue, it is necessary to understand what they mean for the people who inhabit local territories. It is also important to examine why and how people manage what they consider fundamental for their lives, opposing both the notion of private property and that of a natural resource "as that which, through reason, can be exploited for human development" [15,16]. Reflecting the underlying frictions, the commons are increasingly revitalized and vindicated as a plethora of political projects that emerge strongly from the Global South [17], as an epistemological and geopolitical space that challenges the hegemonic-modern civilizatory model [18].…”

Los Movimientos De Esperanza Y La Defensa De La Vida en Conflictos Socioambientales en El Territorio Mapuche

“…Una de las iniciativas lideradas por el Ministerio de Energía fue el "Plan 100 Mini hidroeléctricas para Chile" a través del cual se buscaba instalar alrededor de un centenar de minicentrales hidroeléctricas (inferiores a 20MW) entre las regiones del Maule y Los Lagos. No obstante, algunas organizaciones ambientalistas e indígenas rechazaron el plan por la falta de un proceso de consulta libre, previa e informada sobre los proyectos en agenda (Cuadra 2021).…”

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