Multidimensional Ordered Bifunctional Air Electrode Enables Flash Reactants Shuttling for High‐Energy Flexible Zn‐Air Batteries

Jiang, Yi; Deng, Yaping; Liang, Ruilin; Fu, Jing; Luo, Dan; Liu, Guihua; Li, Jingde; Zhang, Zhen; Hu, Yongfeng; Chen, Zhongwei

doi:10.1002/aenm.201900911

Cited by 149 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…Raman spectroscopy analysis of the sample confirms both graphitic and defective carbon characteristics ( Supplementary Fig. 3) 31,32 . The thin carbon coating is not only beneficial for electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance, but also aids in maintaining the structural stability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Dynamic electrocatalyst with current-driven oxyhydroxide shell for rechargeable zinc-air battery

et al. 2020

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Recent fruitful studies on rechargeable zinc-air battery have led to emergence of various bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts, especially metal-based materials. However, their electrocatalytic configuration and evolution pathway during battery operation are rarely spotlighted. Herein, to depict the underlying behaviors, a concept named dynamic electrocatalyst is proposed. By selecting a bimetal nitride as representation, a current-driven "shell-bulk" configuration is visualized via time-resolved X-ray and electron spectroscopy analyses. A dynamic picture sketching the generation and maturation of nanoscale oxyhydroxide shell is presented, and periodic valence swings of performance-dominant element are observed. Upon maturation, zinc-air battery experiences a near twofold enlargement in power density to 234 mW cm −2 , a gradual narrowing of voltage gap to 0.85 V at 30 mA cm −2 , followed by stable cycling for hundreds of hours. The revealed configuration can serve as the basis to construct future blueprints for metal-based electrocatalysts, and push zinc-air battery toward practical application.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Dynamic electrocatalyst with current-driven oxyhydroxide shell for rechargeable zinc-air battery

et al. 2020

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“…Innovations in materials' design were used to achieve good electrochemical and mechanical performance of these batteries. Up‐to‐date, growing catalyst nanomaterials onto the carbon cloths, carbon fiber films, nanowire arrays, graphene materials, and carbon nanotube (CNT) structures have been demonstrated. These approaches enable freestanding flexible electrodes and also ensure high accessibility of catalytic sites and a low contact resistance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode Composite for Flexible Zinc–Manganese Dioxide Batteries through In Situ Polymerization of Polymer Hydrogel

et al. 2019

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It remains important to maximize energy density of wearable batteries. In addition, such batteries should be compliant, safe, and environmentally sustainable. Intrinsically safe zinc–manganese dioxide (Zn/MnO2) batteries are great candidates for powering wearables. However, achieving flexibility of these systems is hindered by the absence of a binder that ensures mechanical integrity of the MnO2 electrode composite. Herein, a unique approach to fabricate a mechanically robust MnO2 electrode is presented. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyacrylic acid (PAA) gel cross‐linked in situ via thermal treatment is used as a binder for the electrode. Furthermore, energy density and rate capability of the printed battery electrodes are improved by replacing graphite with single‐walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The batteries retain 93% capacity when the discharge rate is increased from C/10 to C/3, as well as 97% of their capacity after being flexed. In contrast, batteries based on conventional composition retain 60% and 23% of the capacity, respectively. Finally, the battery with the modified electrode has high areal energy density of 4.8 mWh cm−2 and volumetric energy density of 320 mWh cm−3.

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“…[ 36‐38 ] The metals (such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Co, and Ni) can be fixed on carbon supports (such as graphene, glucose, CNT, and C 3 N 4 ) by coordination with other molecular atoms, ion exchange, and precipitation. [ 39‐42 ] Recently, Hu and his colleagues successfully used glucose to immobilize metals on porous carbon supports with high concentrations of oxygen‐rich species ( Figure a). [ 43 ] The metal was dispersed according to three layers of protection, and the chelating agent was used to capture metal ions.…”

Section: Synthetic Methods For Atomic Level Dispersed Metal–nitrogen–mentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Level Dispersed Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Synthesis Strategies and Chemical Environmental Regulation

Yin

Xia

Zhao

et al. 2020

Energy & Environ Materials

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For development and application of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) energy transformation technology, the cost performance must be elevated for the catalyst. At present, compared with noble metal‐based catalysts, such as Pt‐based catalysts, atomically dispersed metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C) catalysts are popularity and show great potential in maximizing active site density, high atom utilization and high activity, making them the first choice to replace Pt‐based catalysts. In the preparation of atomically dispersed metal–nitrogen–carbon catalyst, it is difficult to ensure that all active sites are uniformly dispersed, and the structure system of the active sites is not optimal. Based on this, we focus on various approaches for preparing M–N–C catalysts that are conducive to atomic dispersion, and the influence of the chemical environmental regulation of atoms on the catalytic sites in different catalysts. Therefore, we discuss the chemical environmental regulation of the catalytic sites by bimetals, atom clusters, and heteroatoms (B, S, and P). The active sites of M–N–C catalysts are explored in depth from the synthesis and characterization, reaction mechanisms, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Finally, the existing problems and development prospects of the current atomic dispersion M–N–C catalyst are proposed in detail.

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Multidimensional Ordered Bifunctional Air Electrode Enables Flash Reactants Shuttling for High‐Energy Flexible Zn‐Air Batteries

Cited by 149 publications

References 63 publications

Dynamic electrocatalyst with current-driven oxyhydroxide shell for rechargeable zinc-air battery

Dynamic electrocatalyst with current-driven oxyhydroxide shell for rechargeable zinc-air battery

Electrode Composite for Flexible Zinc–Manganese Dioxide Batteries through In Situ Polymerization of Polymer Hydrogel

Atomic Level Dispersed Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Synthesis Strategies and Chemical Environmental Regulation

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