Multidimensional poverty: An alternative measurement approach for the United States?

Regional Estimates of Multidimensional Poverty in India

“…While the HPI measures poverty at the macro level, the MPI is unique as it identifies individuals (at the micro level) deprived in overlapping multiple dimensions and captures both the extent and intensity of poverty (Alkire and Santos 2010). Following the UNDP's work, several researchers have contributed towards the measurement and estimation of multidimensional poverty (Anand and Sen 1997;Chiappero-Martinetti 2000;Bourguignon and Chakravarty 2003;Gordon et al 2003;Qizilbash 2004;D'Ambrosio 2006: Alkire andFoster 2008;Antony and Rao 2007;Calvo 2008;Wagle 2008;Jayaraj and Subramanian 2010 ;Alkire and Santos 2010;Alkire and Foster 2011;Mohanty 2011;Mishra and Ray 2013;Alkire and Seth 2015). Most of these studies used the dimensions of education, health and standard of living and a few studies included subjective well-being such as fear of facing hardship (Calvo 2008) in defining multidimensional poverty.…”

“…However, these studies differ in measuring multidimensional poverty, for instance in fixing the poverty cut-off point of each dimension, weighting the dimensions and cut-off point in separating the poor from the nonpoor. With respect to measurement, some researchers considered the union (poor in any dimension) approach (Bourguignon and Chakravarty 2003), while others used the intersection approach (poor in two or more dimension) (Gordon et al 2003) or relative approach (Wagle 2008) in defining the poverty line. While the union approach overestimates poverty, the intersection approach tends to underestimate poverty.…”

Effects of Human Needs Based on the Integration of Needs as Stipulated in Maqasid Syariah and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs on Zakah Distribution Efficiency of Asnaf Assistance Business Program

“…Despite being widely used, the income has been criticised because of its uni-dimensional measurement that evaluates human need based on one perspective only. Nevertheless, apart from money, people also need other non-monetary elements such as knowledge, spiritual, comfortable living and recognition among others (Wagle 2005(Wagle , 2007(Wagle , 2008. Therefore, focusing on income alone may not produce an accurate and fair assessment and thus unable to capture the holistic perspective of human needs.…”

Capability Deprivation and Income Poverty in the United States, 1994 and 2004: Measurement Outcomes and Demographic Profiles

“…The issue of weighting indicators still needs to be dealt with, however, as some indicators may be less important than others. 5 Incorporating value judgments, for example, the UNDP (2006) uses equal weights in aggregating various macro indicators to determine the Human Poverty Index where as Wagle (2005Wagle ( , 2008a uses an empirical procedure (factor analysis) to aggregate various micro indicators of capability. 6 The widely cited disagreement between Sen (1985b) and Townsend (1985) is quintessential of the tension between using absolute and relative criteria, with the former arguing for absolute and the latter for relative criteria.…”

“…Wagle's (2002Wagle's ( , 2005Wagle's ( , 2008a treatment, for example, incorporates capability, the topic of interest here, as one of the different dimensions of poverty together with economic well-being and social inclusion. 'Relative deprivation' is another construct applied to capture individual frustration or unsatisfying emotional experience using economic as well as non-economic indicators (Coleman 1990; Rankin and Quane 2000;Stewart 2006;Walker and Smith 2002).…”