Multidisciplinary behavioral treatment of defecation problems: A controlled study in children with anorectal malformations

High and intermediate imperforate anus: psychosocial consequences among school-aged children

“…The practical advice and psychological support provided by the bowel therapist may be one reason why the severity of the malformation and the functional problems did not seem to affect psychosocial adjustment among the children in the index group. Early treatment of constipation and incontinence with laxatives, enemas, and behavioral treatment probably prevent psychosocial problems among children with imperforate anus and fecal incontinence [26]. It is of considerable importance that children with imperforate anus have ongoing contact with experienced personnel to evaluate the specific type of incontinence and implement proper treatment [3].…”

Multidisciplinary behavioural treatment of fecal incontinence and constipation after correction of anorectal malformation

“…The four outcome variables given by the team of Nijmegen were used to correspondingly compare the results. These variables included the fecal incontinence score according to Templeton (Table 1), [7] the "percentage of feces in the toilet" (as estimated by the parents, practically all of them have a surprisingly exact notion in this point ), the "number of days without soiling", [5] and the degree of constipation as classifi ed by Pena [2] ( Table 2). The data were collected through parental interviews before therapy, at its end, and at the end of the observation period.…”

“…An experienced team in Nijmegen recognized this problem and developed a psycho-and physiotherapeutic approach termed "multidisciplinary behavioural treatment of defecation problems" (MBT). [4,5] We adopted this…”

Anorectal Malformations: Does Healthcare Meet the Needs?

“…Treatment by pediatric surgeons include surgical interventions, anal dilatations, and prescription of various laxatives and enemas. Pediatric surgeons also provide the necessary information about diet and toilet habits (14)(15)(16). GPs complete the care of pediatric surgeons and may prescribe medication, diet, and incontinence material.…”