Multidisciplinary Earthquake Precursor Studies in Taiwan

Tsai, Yi Yu; Liu, Jann-Yenq; Shin, Tzay‐Chyn; Yen, Horng Yuan; Chen, Chieh-Hung

doi:10.1002/9781119156949.ch4

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Geomagnetic sub-ULF fluctuations recorded by several stations in Taiwan before the 1999 Chi-Chi EQ have been reported and discussed among others by (Lin. 2013), Liu et al (2000Liu et al ( , 2004, Ohta et al (2001), Akinaga et al (2001); (Shin, 2004), Yen et al (2004), Freund and Pilorz (2012), Tsai et al (2018). Yen et al (2004) hypothesized that the geomagnetic sub-ULF fluctuations were connected to the process of accumulation and releases of crustal stress, and the subsequent severe surface ruptures.…”

Section: Geomagnetic Ultra Low Frequency Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Freund and Pilorz (2012), Tsai et al (2018) suggested that the sub-ULF geomagnetic fluctuations before the Chi-Chi EQ, were the result of a large current generated by accumulation and release of crustal stress. Pulinets and Boyarchuk (2004) noted that the near Chi-Chi earthquake magnetic anomalies were probably connected with effectiveness of solar events, while Anagnostopoulos et al (2021) reported that HSSs/CIRs transferred Alfvèn waves in the magnetosphere before the Chi-Chi 1999 EQ.…”

Section: Geomagnetic Ultra Low Frequency Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the Origin of ULF Magnetic Waves Before the Taiwan Chi-Chi 1999 Earthquake

Anagnostopoulos

2021

Front. Earth Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ultra low frequency (ULF) electromagnetic (EM) wave activity usually recorded on Earth’s ground has been found to depend on various types of space weather. In addition ULF waves observed before an earthquake have been hypothesized to be a result of geotectonic processes. In this study we elaborate for the first time the origin of sub-ULF (<1 msec) magnetic field waves before an earthquake (Chi-Chi/Taiwan, 20.9.1999) by comparing simultaneously obtained measurements in the interplanetary space (ACE satellite) and on the Earth’s ground (Taiwan). The most striking result of our data analysis, during a period of 7 weeks, is that the detection of four groups of sub-ULF waves in Taiwan coincide in time with the quasi-periodic detection of two solar wind streams by the satellite ACE with approximately the solar rotation period (∼28 days). The high speed solar wind streams (HSSs) in the interplanetary space were accompanied by sub-ULF Alfvén wave activity, quasi-periodic southward IMF and solar wind density perturbations, which are known as triggering agents of magnetic storm activity. The four HSSs were followed by long lasting decreases in the magnetic field in Taiwan. The whole data set examined in this study strongly suggest that the subULF magnetic field waves observed in Taiwan before the Chi-Chi 1999 earthquake is a normal consequence of the incident of HSSs to the magnetosphere. We provide some observational evidence that the sub-ULF electromagnetic radiation on the Earth was most probably a partner to (not a result of) geotectonic processes preparing the Taiwan 1999 earthquake.

show abstract

Section: Geomagnetic Ultra Low Frequency Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geomagnetic Ultra Low Frequency Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Origin of ULF Magnetic Waves Before the Taiwan Chi-Chi 1999 Earthquake

Anagnostopoulos

2021

Front. Earth Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tsai et al (2004Tsai et al ( , 2006 reviewed the studies of numerous precursors, especially for the Chi-Chi earthquake, under the iSTEP program. In addition to the studies shown in the Tsai et al (2004Tsai et al ( , 2006, Tsai et al (2018) reviewed some chemical precursors done by geochemists of National Taiwan University. In addition, Liu et al (2000) reviewed the anomalies of ionospheric f o F 2 for M L ≥ 5 earthquakes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A compilation of precursor times of earthquakes in Taiwan

Wang

2021

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The precursor time, T, is the time interval between the occurrence time of a precursor and that of a forthcoming earthquake with local magnitude, M L . The precursors are classified into four types of earthquake prediction with different time windows: long-term prediction (T = 3 to 10 years); intermediate-term prediction (T = 6 months to 3 years); short-term prediction (T = 8 days to 6 months); and imminent prediction (T ≤ 7 days). Since the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, the precursors for numerous earthquakes in Taiwan have been observed and studied. The values of T and M L are compiled from scientific literature. The plots of T versus M L are made for some precursors when the data sets are large with the values of T for respective events. Such precursors are the b-value anomalies, foreshocks, thermal infrared radiation anomalies, geochemical composition changes, radon changes, γ-ray emission anomalies, and total electron content (TEC) anomalies. There is a positive correlation between T versus M L for the b-value anomalies, foreshocks, Rn changes, and γ-ray emissions. The relationship of log(T) versus M L is also inferred for Rn changes. The precursor time for Rn changes is positively correlated with that for γ-ray emissions. The time difference between the precursor time for Rn changes and that for γ-ray emissions is positively correlated to M L . However, the plots for thermal infrared radiation, geochemical composition changes, and TEC anomalies are quite scattered and thus not any correlation can be obtained. The positive correlations between T and M L or some precursors suggest the possibility of earthquake prediction in future.

show abstract

“…The interactions between tectonic plates could induce variations in electric and magnetic fields [11][12][13][14]. A strong location preference of the long-duration persistence of TEC anomalies may satisfy the persistence of regional electric field and/or an atmospheric gravity wave in the ionospheric dynamo region that induce TEC anomalies over a certain location through the dynamo process [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Distribution of Persistence of Total Electron Content Anomaly

Sun

Liu

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To better understand the ionospheric morphology response to lithospheric activities, we study the global location preference of the positive and negative total electron content (TEC) anomalies persisting continuously for longer than 24 h at middle and low latitudes (within ±60° N geomagnetic latitudes). The TEC is obtained from the global ionospheric map (GIM) of Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) under the geomagnetic quiet condition of Kp ≤ 3o during the period of 2005 to 2018. There are a few (less than 4%) TEC anomalies that can persist over 24 h. The conjugate phenomenon is most significant in the eastern Asia to Australia longitudinal sector. The result shows the persistence of the positive TEC anomaly along the ring of fire on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. The high persistence of the TEC anomalies at midlatitudes suggests that thermospheric neutral wind contributes to the anomaly formation.

show abstract

Multidisciplinary Earthquake Precursor Studies in Taiwan

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

On the Origin of ULF Magnetic Waves Before the Taiwan Chi-Chi 1999 Earthquake

On the Origin of ULF Magnetic Waves Before the Taiwan Chi-Chi 1999 Earthquake

A compilation of precursor times of earthquakes in Taiwan

Global Distribution of Persistence of Total Electron Content Anomaly

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About