Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruise to the Rio Grande Rise

Jovane, Luigi; Hein, James R.; Yeo, Isobel; Benites, Mariana; Bergo, Natascha Menezes; Corrêa, Paulo Vinicius Ferraz; Couto, Daniel M.; Guimarães, Ayrton; Howarth, Sarah A.; Miguel, Henrique; Mizell, Kira; Moura, Denise Silva de; Neto, Francisco Louzada; Pompeu, Mayza; Rodrigues, Ianco; Santana, Frederico R.; Serrao, Pedro F.; Silva, Tomas E.; Tura, Pedro Marone; Viscarra, Carolina; Chuqui, Mateus G.; Pellizari, Vivian Helena; Signori, Camila Negrão; Silveira, Ilson Carlos Almeida da; Sumida, Paulo Yukio Gomes; Murton, Bramley J.; Brandini, Frederico Pereira

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00252

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Twenty-two Fe-Mn crusts were used in this work, dredged during a multidisciplinary expedition (RGR1) to the summit of WRGR on board the research vessel Alpha Crucis (Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil), from 30 January to 20 February 2018 ( Figure 1; [22]). The dredge location and water depth (Table 1) were taken as averages between dredge on-bottom and off-bottom positions.…”

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(A) Dissolved oxygen profile in the South Atlantic between 70 • S and 20 • S showing the South Atlantic Mode Water (SAMW), the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), and Rio Grande Rise (RGR) and (B) the dissolved oxygen profile at an oceanographic station at Rio Grande Rise during cruise RGR1, modified from[22]. Blue star and blue dashed lines correspond to the location and depth range of RGR crusts.…”

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Genesis and Evolution of Ferromanganese Crusts from the Summit of Rio Grande Rise, Southwest Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2020

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The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is a large elevation in the Atlantic Ocean and known to host potential mineral resources of ferromanganese crusts (Fe–Mn), but no investigation into their general characteristics have been made in detail. Here, we investigate the chemical and mineralogical composition, growth rates and ages of initiation, and phosphatization of relatively shallow-water (650–825 m) Fe–Mn crusts dredged from the summit of RGR by using computed tomography, X-ray diffraction, 87Sr/86Sr ratios, U–Th isotopes, and various analytical techniques to determine their chemical composition. Fe–Mn crusts from RGR have two distinct generations. The older one has an estimated age of initiation around 48–55 Ma and was extensively affected by post-depositional processes under suboxic conditions resulting in phosphatization during the Miocene (from 20 to 6.8 Ma). As a result, the older generation shows characteristics of diagenetic Fe–Mn deposits, such as low Fe/Mn ratios (mean 0.52), high Mn, Ni, and Li contents and the presence of a 10 Å phyllomanganate, combined with the highest P content among crusts (up to 7.7 wt %). The younger generation is typical of hydrogenetic crusts formed under oxic conditions, with a mean Fe/Mn ratio of 0.75 and mean Co content of 0.66 wt %, and has the highest mean contents of Bi, Nb, Ni, Te, Rh, Ru, and Pt among crusts formed elsewhere. The regeneration of nutrients from local biological productivity in the water column is the main source of metals to crusts, providing mainly metals that regenerate rapidly in the water column and are made available at relatively shallow water depths (Ni, As, V, and Cd), at the expense of metals of slower regeneration (Si and Cu). Additionally, important contributions of nutrients may derive from various water masses, especially the South Atlantic Mode Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). Bulk Fe–Mn crusts from the summit of RGR plateau are generally depleted in metals considered of greatest economic interest in crusts like Co, REE, Mo, Te, and Zr, but are the most enriched in the critical metals Ni and Li compared to other crusts. Further investigations are warranted on Fe–Mn crusts from deeper-water depths along the RGR plateau and surrounding areas, which would less likely be affected by phosphatization.

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Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genesis and Evolution of Ferromanganese Crusts from the Summit of Rio Grande Rise, Southwest Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2020

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“…The results and discussions presented above have successfully provided an overview of research concerning seabed mapping. In addition, the importance and the worldwide embracement becomes clear for several fields: hydrography, mineral resource exploration [49], renewable energy, planning and management of MPAs [50], issues related to exclusive economic zones [51,52], marine pollution [53,54], technological research and development [10,[55][56][57], oceanographic and multidisciplinary studies [58], fishery resources management [59,60], environmental impact [61], climate changes, and several others applications.…”

Section: Importance Applicability and Future Directions Of Seabed Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seabed Mapping: A Brief History from Meaningful Words

Menandro

Bastos

2020

Geosciences

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Over the last few centuries, mapping the ocean seabed has been a major challenge for marine geoscientists. Knowledge of seabed bathymetry and morphology has significantly impacted our understanding of our planet dynamics. The history and scientific trends of seabed mapping can be assessed by data mining prior studies. Here, we have mined the scientific literature using the keyword “seabed mapping” to investigate and provide the evolution of mapping methods and emphasize the main trends and challenges over the last 90 years. An increase in related scientific production was observed in the beginning of the 1970s, together with an increased interest in new mapping technologies. The last two decades have revealed major shift in ocean mapping. Besides the range of applications for seabed mapping, terms like habitat mapping and concepts of seabed classification and backscatter began to appear. This follows the trend of investments in research, science, and technology but is mainly related to national and international demands regarding defining that country’s exclusive economic zone, the interest in marine mineral and renewable energy resources, the need for spatial planning, and the scientific challenge of understanding climate variability. The future of seabed mapping brings high expectations, considering that this is one of the main research and development themes for the United Nations Decade of the Oceans. We may expect a new higher resolution ocean seafloor map that might be as influential as The Floor of the Oceans map.

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“…The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is a wide elevation (~150,000 km 2 ) located in the southwestern portion of the Atlantic Ocean, made of complex morphologies such as plateaus, seamounts, canyons, and rifts at water depths ranging from ~700 to 4000 m (Jovane et al, 2019). In the last decades it is becoming strategic for potential mineral exploitation of ferromanganese crusts (Montserrat et al, 2019;Benites et al 2020;Bergo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and Microbial Diversity from Surface to Deep Water Layers Over the Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic

Jcn

Bergo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Marine microbes control the flux of matter and energy essential for life in the oceans. Until now, the distribution and diversity of planktonic microorganisms above Fe-Mn crusts has received relatively little attention. Future mining\dredging of these minerals is predicted to affect microbial diversity and functioning in the deep sea. Here, we studied the ecology of planktonic microbes among pelagic environments of an Fe-Mn deposit region, at Rio Grande Rise, Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. We investigated microbial community composition using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and their abundance estimated by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the majority of picoplanktonic was found in epi- and mesopelagic waters, corresponding to the Tropical Water and South Atlantic Central Water. Bacterial and archaeal groups related to phototrophy, heterotrophy and chemosynthesis, such as Synechococcales, Sar11 (Proteobacteria) and Nitrosopumilales (Thaumarchaeota) were the main representatives of the pelagic microbial community. Additionally, we detected abundant assemblages involved in biodegradation of marine organic matter and iron oxidation at deep waters, i.e., Pseudoalteromonas and Alteromonas. No differences were observed in microbial community alpha diversity. However, we detected differences in community structure between water masses, suggesting that changes in an environmental setting (i.e. nutrient availability or circulation) play a significant role in structuring the pelagic zones, also affecting the meso- and bathypelagic microbiome.HighlightsRio Grande Rise pelagic microbiomePicoplankton carbon biomass partitioning through pelagic zonesUnique SAR11 Clade I oligotype in the shallowest Tropical WaterHigher number of shared oligotypes between deepest water massesNitrogen, carbon and sulfur may be important contributors for the pelagic microbiome

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Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruise to the Rio Grande Rise

Cited by 35 publications

References 9 publications

Genesis and Evolution of Ferromanganese Crusts from the Summit of Rio Grande Rise, Southwest Atlantic Ocean

Genesis and Evolution of Ferromanganese Crusts from the Summit of Rio Grande Rise, Southwest Atlantic Ocean

Seabed Mapping: A Brief History from Meaningful Words

Abundance and Microbial Diversity from Surface to Deep Water Layers Over the Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic

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