Multidrug Resistance Patterns and Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index of &lt;i&gt;Salmonella species&lt;/i&gt; Isolated from Waste Dumps in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria

Nyandjou, Ymc; Yakubu, SE; Abdullahi, I.O.; Machido, D. A.

doi:10.4314/jasem.v23i1.6

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is also indicative of the possible transfer of resistant genes via exchange of genetic materials (plasmids) among the microbial populations in dumpsite soils. A possible indication is the indiscriminate and high use of antibiotics among Abraka residents which corroborates reports of Nyandjou et al (2019). The implication of these findings is a possible spread of persistent and "difficult to cure" bacterial infections among the resident population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Dumpsite Soils Within Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

Odum

Idise

Ogogo

2020

FJS

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This study investigated the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in soils obtained from dumpsites in Abraka, Delta State. Four (4) dumpsites were assayed and composite soil samples were collected from each dumpsite. Isolates were obtained using the standard pour-plate method and pure cultures identified based on their cultural and biochemical characteristics. These were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test using the agar-disc diffusion method. A total of 61 isolates were obtained and identified to belong to nine (9) different genera. The isolates were Escherichia sp, Klebsiella spp, Staphylococcus sp, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas sp, Proteus spp, Micrococcus sp, Streptococcus sp and Neisseria sp. Among the isolates obtained, Escherichia sp had the highest occurrence (26.23%) and Neisseria sp the lowest occurrence frequency of 1.63%. Pefloxacin was the least effective antibiotic as 96% and 76.67% of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms respectively, were resistant to the drug. All the isolates exhibited multidrug tolerance and a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of 0.8 was recorded for 31.15% of the isolates tested. The implication of these findings is a possible spread of persistent bacterial infections among the resident population. Proper waste management and siting of dumpsites in locations distant from residential areas will help in preventing the public health hazards associated with dumpsites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Dumpsite Soils Within Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

Odum

Idise

Ogogo

2020

FJS

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“…To overcome this limitation, we estimated the MARI values. In resource poor countries, where molecular analysis is not feasible, MARI is being used as a simple cost effective tool to track the source or indicate prior exposure to the tested antibiotics [29,30]. In this study, the MARI was higher than 0.2, indicating prior exposure to antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…In resource-poor settings, where all bacterial isolates are not subjected to the entire range of antibiotics and access to genomic analysis is poor, the multiple antibiotic resistance Index (MARI) can be used as an effective tool to determine the intensity of antibiotic resistance and to predict the previous exposure to tested antibiotics. In this study, MARI was derived from a ratio of the number of isolates found to have antibiotic resistance against the total number of antibiotics tested for that isolate [15,29,30]. A MARI value of more than 0.2 indicates the risk of high exposure to antibiotics in the poultry.…”

Section: Data Analysis and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Isolates and Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Poultry Excreta Used for Vegetable Farming in Freetown, Sierra Leone

Mansaray

Yankson

Johnson

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The transfer of antibiotic resistance from animals to humans is of concern in recent times. One potential source of such transfer is the untreated poultry excreta used as manure in farming. We aim to identify bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli in poultry excreta in Sierra Leone. This was a cross-sectional study of fresh poultry excreta samples collected from four commercial poultry sites in Freetown, Sierra Leone, from June–September 2021. Bacterial isolates were tested against eight antibiotics using established standards. Of 100 samples, 93 showed Escherichia coli (93%): of those, eight isolates also had Salmonella (8%). E. coli was 100% resistant to all three ‘Watch’ drugs (erythromycin, cefoxitin and streptomycin) and tetracycline. E. coli was least resistant to ampicillin (12%), followed by chloramphenicol (35%). The prevalence of multidrug resistance was 95.6%. Multiple antibiotic resistance index ranged from 0.5–0.7 (optimal < 0.2), indicating high prior exposure to antibiotics in these poultries. Such high levels of resistance in E. coli isolated from poultry excreta could pose a serious threat to humans. We recommend (i) routine surveillance to monitor antibiotic resistance in poultry excreta, (ii) using poultry excreta as manure only after treatment and (iii) restricting the use of antibiotics as prophylactics and growth promoters in poultry feeds.

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“…This makes it an ideal place for the growth of vast array of bacteria, both pathogenic and nonpathogenic [32]. [30,31].…”

Section: Fig-4: Histogram Showing Indications For Oral and Dental Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Oral Bacterial Profile and Antibiogram of Patients Attending Dental Clinic of a Private Tertiary Hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria

Enitan¹,

Oluremi²,

Ochei³

et al. 2020

SJODR

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Background: Oral and dental problem is common among many Nigerian populace. The human oral cavity is one of the most dynamic habitats for numerous bacterial species where they undergo intense interspecies competition to form multispecies biofilm structure. Aim: The present study was designed to assess the oral bacterial profile and antibiogram of Adult Patients receiving dental care at Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ilishan-Remo Ogun State. Methods: A total of 200 oral swab samples were collected from 200 consenting participants (100 males and 100 females). The oral swab samples were cultured on Blood agar, MacConkey agar and Mannitol salt agar and incubated at 37 o C. Gram staining, motility test and routine biochemical tests were done for the identification and characterization of the bacterial isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using the disc diffusion method. Data obtained were analysed using SPSS Statistics software package (version 18.0). Results: The bacterial species isolated include: Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter spp, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus feacalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Out of the 288 bacterial isolates obtained, 139 (65.5%) of the oral bacteria isolates were non-pathogenic in nature, while 69 (34.5%) were pathogenic. The pathogenic organism with the highest percentage occurrence was Enterobacter spp (37.7%), followed by Streptococcus pyogenes (24.6%), Enterococcus feacalis (19.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.9%) and the least being Escherichia coli (3.3%). Most of the Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to Augmentin, Sulbactomas, Cefroxime, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Erythromycin and Azithromycin; while most of the Gram negative bacteria were sensitive to Augumentin, Cefotaxime, Nalidixic acid, Nitrofurantoin and Gentamycin. Conclusion: Pathogenic bacteria capable of causing oral and dental problems exist in the oral cavity of Patients receiving dental care at BUTH with varied antibiotic susceptibility patterns. The outcome of this study underscored the importance of routine oral/dental checks, adequate oral/dental care and treatment of oral infection with appropriate antibiotics.

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Multidrug Resistance Patterns and Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index of <i>Salmonella species</i> Isolated from Waste Dumps in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Dumpsite Soils Within Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Dumpsite Soils Within Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

Bacterial Isolates and Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Poultry Excreta Used for Vegetable Farming in Freetown, Sierra Leone

Assessment of Oral Bacterial Profile and Antibiogram of Patients Attending Dental Clinic of a Private Tertiary Hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria

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