Multidrug-resistant and clonal dispersion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from ready-to-eat meat products in Duhok province, Iraq

Taha, Zanan M.; Mustafa, Sherzad I.; Ahmed, Chyayi J.; Mikaeel, Farhad B.; Ateş, Mustafa; Khudr, Ahmad I.; Ali, Salih Z.; Haji, Mohammad L.

doi:10.33899/ijvs.2022.133902.2321

Cited by 12 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Aynadis and Engdawork (23) in Southern Ethiopia revealed that the isolation of E. coli done by taking swab samples from the skin of Cyprinus carpio was 32.5%. Our study's results also agreed with Taha and Yassin's findings (24) when they studied Cyprinus carpio fish in Dohuk province, Iraq, where they obtained 39.1%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Isolation and molecular identification of Escherichia coli strain from fish available in farms and local markets in Nineveh governorate, Iraq

Alttai¹,

Al-Sanjary²,

Sheet³

2023

IJVS

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This research work was conducted as well as the determination of the resistance to antibiotics of these isolated species of E. coli in Nineveh governorate to assess the incidence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination in different fish farms and local fish markets. The total number of fish samples used in the present study was 153, including 75 samples from various fish farms and 78 samples from different local markets in Mosul. The current study showed that the percentage of E. coli isolated from fish farms was 24% (18/75) and 35.9% (28/78) from local markets. While it showed a positive result for E. coli with serotype (O157:H7) with a percentage was 9.3 and 14.1% from both farmed fish and market fish samples, respectively. Additionally, all E. coli positive isolates possess the specific uidA gene, which was detected using the PCR technique. The highest sensitivity of E. coli bacteria to the antibiotic's ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim, and gentamicin was 96, 94, and 86%, respectively. At the same time, the highest percentage of resistance of E. coli to the antibiotics cephalothin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and amoxicillin was 100, 64, 64, and 62%, respectively. To reduce health risks to consumers, these results provide useful basic information for the proper management of these environments in order to prevent fecal contamination in fish farms and the fish sold in local markets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Isolation and molecular identification of Escherichia coli strain from fish available in farms and local markets in Nineveh governorate, Iraq

Alttai¹,

Al-Sanjary²,

Sheet³

2023

IJVS

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“…As for the number of samples that gave positive results for the Stx1 gene from the local fish market, it was 25 samples at a rate of 89.3%. As for the Stx2 gene, the number of samples was 24 samples at a rate of 85.7%, while these results of Stx1 and of Stx2 were not detected and do not identify with another study conducted in Duhok Province/ Iraq (26), as well, the results of this study were higher than the results of Siddhnath et al (27), when they revealed the percentage 27% of the positive Stx genes detected by direct PCR. In his research, which he conducted on 18 fish samples, where 8 samples contained Sxt1 by 44% and 14 samples contained Stx2 by 77%, Ribeiro et al (28) revealed that out of the 115 isolates, 2 (1.74%) were positive only for the Stx1 gene and six isolates 5.21% for Stx2 gene.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Detection of some virulence gene Stx1, Stx2, and rfb of Escherichia coli isolated from fish in Nineveh governorate, Iraq

Alttai

Al-Sanjary

Sheet

2023

IJVS

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The aim of the current study is to detect the presence of some virulence genes of Escherichia (E.) coli in fish. A total of 46 strains of E. coli were previously isolated from 153 fish samples, including 28 and 18 isolate of E. coli from local markets and fish farms, respectively, in Nineveh Governorate from November 2021 to January 2022. The results of the study show that all isolates of E. coli possessed the uidA gene with a molecular weight of 623 bp. In addition, they show that 88.9% (16/18) isolates from farmed fish samples possessed the Stx1 gene with a molecular weight of 347 bp, while 72.2% (13/18) of them carried the Stx2 gene with a molecular weight of 589 bp. Also, the study unveils that 89.3 % (25/28) isolated from the market fish samples possessed the Stx1 gene with a molecular weight of 347 bp and 85.7% (24/28) isolates carried the Stx2 gene with a molecular weight of 589 bp. The rfb gene is not detected in this study, neither in farm fish nor in the samples from the local fish markets using the PCR technique. Likewise, it shows that E. coli isolated from fish possessed the Stx1 and Stx2 genes, which are major causative agents of food poisoning for consumers. Finally, the study gives important information about the application of health conditions on fish farms and fish markets to prevent contamination and reduce infections by foodborne pathogens that cause food poisoning for humans.

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“…At the Bahir Dar municipal abattoir, 55.60% of carcass swab isolates were DEC, which is in accordance with the 52% DEC isolation recorded by Taha and Yasin [13]. The signi cant DEC contamination of the carcass observed in this study might originate from fecal contamination during the animal slaughtering process [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Detection and Antibiogram Profile of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Isolated from Two Abattoir Settings in Northwest Ethiopia: A One Health Perspective

Abey,

Teka,

Bitew

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a zoonotic pathogen that contaminates abattoir workers, slaughter environments, slaughter equipment, and carcasses during abattoir processing. Infection with E. coli is associated with the consumption of contaminated food and water, and it is a potential threat to the health and welfare of both humans and animals. Hence, this study aimed to detect diarrheagenic E. coli and assess its antimicrobial profile in two abattoir settings, in one health lens. Methods A cross-sectional study in one health approach was conducted from December 2020 to June 2021. The samples include swabs from abattoir workers’ hands, carcasses, and knives, as well as samples of cattle feces, abattoir water and effluents. A total of 384 samples were collected. Bacterial culture and biochemical tests were conducted to isolate E. coli, while conventional polymerase chain reaction was performed to identify virulence genes. The antibiogram of diarrheagenic E. coli was tested against nine antimicrobials using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Results a total of 115 (29.95%) E. coli were isolated from the 384 samples, and about 17 (14.8%) were confirmed to be diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC). From the DEC, nine (52.94%), five (29.4%), and three (17.65%) were Shiga toxin-producing, enterohemorrhagic, and enterotoxigenic E. coli, respectively. Among the DEC pathotypes, 14 (82.35%) isolates harbored the Stx2 gene, five (29.41%) the eae gene, five (29.41%) the hlyA gene and three (17.65%) harbored the st gene. All the DEC isolates were resistant to erythromycin and vancomycin; whereas, all were susceptible to ampicillin, nalidixic acid and norfloxacin. Furthermore, 64.7% of DEC isolates showed resistance to both ceftazidime and kanamycin and 88.24% of the isolates showed multidrug resistance. Conclusion This study detected DEC isolates having different virulence genes, which showed single and multiple antimicrobial resistance. Given the existing poor hygienic and sanitary practices along the abattoir-to-table food chain, coupled with the habit of raw meat consumption, this result indicates a potential public and animal health risk from the pathogen and AMR.

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Multidrug-resistant and clonal dispersion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from ready-to-eat meat products in Duhok province, Iraq

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Isolation and molecular identification of Escherichia coli strain from fish available in farms and local markets in Nineveh governorate, Iraq

Isolation and molecular identification of Escherichia coli strain from fish available in farms and local markets in Nineveh governorate, Iraq

Detection of some virulence gene Stx1, Stx2, and rfb of Escherichia coli isolated from fish in Nineveh governorate, Iraq

Detection and Antibiogram Profile of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Isolated from Two Abattoir Settings in Northwest Ethiopia: A One Health Perspective

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