Multidrug-resistant infection following snakebite envenoming: A case report

Hamza, Muhammad; Halilu, Sadiq; Nashabaru, Ibrahim; Sanda, Abdallah; Abdullahi, Faruk; Bello, Usman Mohammed; Habib, Abdulrazaq G.

doi:10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_45_17

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…Numerous studies suggest that bacterial species isolated from snakebite wounds correspond to the oral flora of the responsible snake species [ 9 , 10 ]. However, wound contamination can also result from the victim’s skin tissue, pre-hospital environments, and inadequate wound management, introducing external bacterial strains unrelated to the snake’s oral flora [ 1 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Four Pathogenic Oral Bacterial Species in Six Wild Snake Species from Southern Taiwan: Associated Factors

Lin,

Tsai,

Chuang

2024

Microorganisms

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The oral cavity of snakes serves as a habitat for various microorganisms, some of which may include potential zoonotic pathogens posing risks to hosts and causing wound infections in snakebite victims. Clinical studies on snakebite cases in Taiwan have identified specific pathogens, such as Enterococcus faecalis (Gram-positive), Morganella morganii, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative). However, the prevalence of these bacteria in the oral cavity of wild snakes remains largely unknown. This study investigated the occurrence of these bacteria in six wild snake species (Naja atra, Bungarus multicinctus, Trimeresurus stejnegeri, Protobothrops mucrosquamatus, Boiga kraepelini, and Elaphe taeniura friesi) from southern Taiwan, along with factors influencing their presence. Oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from a substantial number of wild-caught snakes (n = 1104), followed by DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction, and gel electrophoresis. The band positions of samples were compared with positive and negative controls to determine the presence of target bacteria in each sample. The overall occurrence rates were 67.4% for E. faecalis, 31.5% for M. morganii, 8.2% for A. hydrophila, and 7.7% for P. aeruginosa. Among snake species, B. kraepelini exhibited dominance in E. faecalis (93.4%), A. hydrophila (17.1%), and P. aeruginosa (14.5%), while male N. atra showed dominance in M. morganii (51.3%). The occurrence of E. faecalis was lowest in winter. The results of multiple logistic regression analyses suggest that factors such as species, sex, temperature, season, and coexisting pathogens may have a significant impact on the occurrence of target bacteria. These findings have implications for wildlife medicine and snakebite management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Four Pathogenic Oral Bacterial Species in Six Wild Snake Species from Southern Taiwan: Associated Factors

Lin,

Tsai,

Chuang

2024

Microorganisms

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Aspectos clínicos y terapéuticos del accidente ofídico en hospitales nacionales de Guatemala

Guerra-Centeno

2022

RevSEP

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El accidente ofídico es una enfermedad desatendida prioritaria que ocurre principalmente en los países en desarrollo de las zonas tropicales del mundo. En Guatemala, ocurren alrededor de 900 casos por año, siendo los campesinos jóvenes los más afectados. OBJETIVO: Describir los aspectos clínicos y terapéuticos del accidente ofídico en Guatemala. MÉTODO: A través de un método documental, retrospectivo, descriptivo se examinaron 305 expedientes de casos atendidos en los hospitales regionales de Escuintla (HRE) y de San Benito Petén (HRSB). RESULTADOS: El tiempo medio de hospitalización fue de 4.03 días en el HRE y de 5.71 días en el HRSB. El grado de severidad más común fue el grado II en el HRE y el grado III en el HRSB. La cantidad media de viales de suero antiofídico aplicada a los pacientes fue de 4.99 en el HRE y 9.84 en el HRSB. En ambos hospitales, fue común la administración de antibióticos, antiinflamatorios, analgésicos, antihistamínicos, antagonistas H2, antitoxina tetánica, vitamina K y otros medicamentos. Las secuelas más comunes son rabdomiólisis, fasciotomías terapéuticas y amputaciones. Se observó una relación débil entre el tiempo de evolución consignado y el grado de severidad del accidente ofídico. CONCLUSIONES: En general, los accidentes ofídicos son más graves y producen más secuelas en el área norte de Guatemala que en el área sur. Los resultados contribuyen a la comprensión de la realidad multidimensional del accidente ofídico en Guatemala.

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Multidrug-resistant infection following snakebite envenoming: A case report

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

The Presence of Four Pathogenic Oral Bacterial Species in Six Wild Snake Species from Southern Taiwan: Associated Factors

The Presence of Four Pathogenic Oral Bacterial Species in Six Wild Snake Species from Southern Taiwan: Associated Factors

Aspectos clínicos y terapéuticos del accidente ofídico en hospitales nacionales de Guatemala

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