Multidrug Therapy and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance: When Order Matters

Perron, Gabriel G.; Kryazhimskiy, Sergey; Rice, Daniel P.; Buckling, Angus

doi:10.1128/aem.01078-12

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…The evolution of antibiotic resistance when multi‐antibiotics are used to treat mixed microbes in a short period of time is well documented (Perron et al . ). One major concern to use antibiotics is the systemic allergic reaction.…”

Section: Triple Antibiotic Pastementioning

confidence: 97%

Regenerative endodontics: a comprehensive review

et al. 2018

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The European Society of Endodontology and the American Association for Endodontists have released position statements and clinical considerations for regenerative endodontics. There is increasing literature on this field since the initial reports of Iwaya et al. (Dental Traumatology, 17, 2001, 185) and Banchs & Trope (Journal of Endodontics, 30, 2004, 196). Endogenous stem cells from an induced periapical bleeding and scaffolds using blood clot, platelet rich plasma or platelet-rich fibrin have been utilized in regenerative endodontics. This approach has been described as a 'paradigm shift' and considered the first treatment option for immature teeth with pulp necrosis. There are three treatment outcomes of regenerative endodontics; (i) resolution of clinical signs and symptoms; (ii) further root maturation; and (iii) return of neurogenesis. It is known that results are variable for these objectives, and true regeneration of the pulp/dentine complex is not achieved. Repair derived primarily from the periodontal and osseous tissues has been shown histologically. It is hoped that with the concept of tissue engineering, namely stem cells, scaffolds and signalling molecules, that true pulp regeneration is an achievable goal. This review discusses current knowledge as well as future directions for regenerative endodontics. Patient-centred outcomes such as tooth discolouration and possibly more appointments with the potential for adverse effects needs to be discussed with patients and parents. Based on the classification of Cvek (Endodontics and Dental Traumatology, 8, 1992, 45), it is proposed that regenerative endodontics should be considered for teeth with incomplete root formation although teeth with near or complete root formation may be more suited for conventional endodontic therapy or MTA barrier techniques. However, much is still not known about clinical and biological aspects of regenerative endodontics.

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Section: Triple Antibiotic Pastementioning

confidence: 97%

Regenerative endodontics: a comprehensive review

et al. 2018

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“…Lack of correlation between in vitro and in vivo resistance has traditionally been attributed to a biological fitness cost associated with the acquisition of resistance [31]. Fitness cost is an important determinant of the ability of the mutant bacteria to survive and propagate in a given biological niche, with the frequency of a resistant mutant in a bacterial population being inversely proportional to the fitness cost it carries [32]. Our results indicate that there is no fitness cost associated with the development of fosfomycin or tobramycin resistance in P. aeruginosa or MRSA isolates under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance Development of Cystic Fibrosis Respiratory Pathogens When Exposed to Fosfomycin and Tobramycin Alone and in Combination under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

et al. 2013

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Although antibiotics from different classes are frequently prescribed in combination to prevent the development of resistance amongst Cystic Fibrosis (CF) respiratory pathogens, there is a lack of data as to the efficacy of this approach. We have previously shown that a 4∶1 (w/w) combination of fosfomycin and tobramycin (F∶T) has excellent activity against CF pathogens with increased activity under physiologically relevant anaerobic conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether F∶T could delay or prevent the onset of resistance compared to either fosfomycin or tobramycin alone under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The frequency of spontaneous mutants arising following exposure to fosfomycin, tobramycin and F∶T was determined for clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA isolates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin, tobramycin and F∶T on the induction of resistance was also investigated, with the stability of resistance and fitness cost associated with resistance assessed if it developed. P. aeruginosa and MRSA isolates had a lower frequency of spontaneous mutants to F∶T compared to fosfomycin and tobramycin under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. There was a maximum two-fold increase in F∶T MICs when P. aeruginosa and MRSA isolates were passaged in sub-inhibitory F∶T for 12 days. In contrast, sequential resistance to fosfomycin and tobramycin developed quickly (n = 3 days for both) after passage in sub-inhibitory concentrations. Once developed, both fosfomycin and tobramycin resistance was stable and not associated with a biological fitness cost to either P. aeruginosa or MRSA isolates. The results of this study suggest that F∶T may prevent the development of resistance compared to fosfomycin or tobramycin alone under aerobic and physiologically relevant anaerobic conditions. F∶T may be a potential treatment option in CF patients chronically colonised by MRSA and/or P. aeruginosa.

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“…In many laboratory experiments on AMR (Gullberg et al 2011;Kim et al 2014;Maisnier-Patin et al 2002;Perron et al 2012), bacteria grow in a shaken flask, a microtiter plate, or a chemostat. Shaking or stirring mixes the content so that all bacteria experience identical conditions, including the same concentration of the antibiotic.…”

Section: Evolution Of Resistance In Homogeneous Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Drug Resistance in Bacteria

Waclaw

2016

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Resistance to antibiotics is an important and timely problem of contemporary medicine. Rapid evolution of resistant bacteria calls for new preventive measures to slow down this process, and a longer-term progress cannot be achieved without a good understanding of the mechanisms through which drug resistance is acquired and spreads in microbial populations. Here, we discuss recent experimental and theoretical advances in our knowledge how the dynamics of microbial populations affects the evolution of antibiotic resistance . We focus on the role of spatial and temporal drug gradients and show that in certain situations bacteria can evolve de novo resistance within hours. We identify factors that lead to such rapid onset of resistance and discuss their relevance for bacterial infections.

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Multidrug Therapy and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance: When Order Matters

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Regenerative endodontics: a comprehensive review

Regenerative endodontics: a comprehensive review

Resistance Development of Cystic Fibrosis Respiratory Pathogens When Exposed to Fosfomycin and Tobramycin Alone and in Combination under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Evolution of Drug Resistance in Bacteria

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