Multifocal cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Paraconiothyrium cyclothyrioides in an immunocompromised patient: A case report

A Cutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis Case Caused by Paraconiothyrium cyclothyrioides in Southern China

“…1,2,6 In the reported cases, the clinical manifestations are difficult to distinguish phaeohyphomycosis, chromoblastomycosis, mycobacteria, actinomycosis, nocardiosis, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma, therefore making a clinical diagnosis of the phaeohyphomycosis is much more difficult than other differential diagnoses. 1,2,[6][7][8] We described a typical case of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis lesions due to Paraconiothyrium cyclothyrioides in an elderly woman. She has a history of long-term 5mg of prednisone orally daily and budesonide spray, this may lead to immunocompromised.…”

“…In the reported cases, the clinical manifestations are difficult to distinguish phaeohyphomycosis, chromoblastomycosis, mycobacteria, actinomycosis, nocardiosis, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and Kaposi’s sarcoma, therefore making a clinical diagnosis of the phaeohyphomycosis is much more difficult than other differential diagnoses. 1 , 2 , 6–8 …”

“…It was an emerging pathogen although rarely described in human infections. 1 , 2 It belongs to a diverse group of fungi that cause phaeohyphomycosis, a large group of diseases brought on by fungi that grow septate hyphae in tissue that contain melanin. 3 This bacterium causes disseminated illnesses such as fungemia and endocarditis in addition to subcutaneous infections, eumycetomas, osteomyelitis, arthritis, and myositis.…”