Multifocal inflammatory demyelination in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and treatment complications

Toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system: Manifestations vary with immune responses

“…complicated but typically accompanied by the CNS and/or systemic infiltration of T-cells (particularly CD8+ T-cells) that supposedly fight against the development of toxoplasmosis[72][73][74][75]. While untreated patients with autoimmune diseases typically have more infiltrating Tcells, immunosuppressant and/or immunomodulatory treatment of autoimmune diseases (such as medication for RA and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for MS) may reduce but not completely deplete the infiltration of T-cells particularly in the CNS[74,76]. The potentially persistent presence of infiltrating T-cells in the CNS should prevent the development of CNS toxoplasmosis in those patients with autoimmune diseases even following successful immunosuppressant and/or immunomodulatory treatment.…”