Multifunctional Carbon Nanocomposites as Nanoneurons from Multimode and Multianalyte Sensing to Molecular Logic Computing, Steganography, and Cryptography

Abstract

Inspired by information exchange and logic functions of life based on molecular recognition and interaction networks, ongoing efforts are directed toward development of molecular or nanosystems for multiplexed chem/biosensing and advanced information processing. However, because of their preparation shortcomings, poor functionality, and limited paradigms, it is still a big challenge to develop advanced nanomaterials‐based systems and comprehensively realize neuron‐like functions from multimode sensing to molecular information processing and safety. Herein, using fish scales derived carbon nanoparticles (FSCN) as a reducing agent and stabilizer, a simple one‐step synthesis method of multifunctional silver–carbon nanocomposites (AgNPs–FSCN) is developed. The prepared AgNPs–FSCN own wide antibacterial and multisignal response abilities in five channels (including color, Tyndall, absorption and fluorescence intensities, and absorption wavelength) for quantitative colorimetric and fluorescence sensing of H2O2, ascorbic acid, and dopamine. Benefiting from its multicoding stimuli‐responsive ability, molecular concealment, and programmability, AgNPs–FSCN can be abstracted as nanoneurons for implementing batch and parallel molecular logic computing, steganography, and cryptography. This research will promote the preparation of advanced multifunctional nanocomposites and the development of their multipurpose applications, including the multireadout‐guided multianalyte intelligent sensing and sophisticated molecular computing, communication, and security.

Sequential‐Dependent Synthesis of Bimetallic Silver‐Chromium Nanoparticles for Multichannel Sensing, Logic Computing, and 3 in 1 Information Protection

“…At present, MIT (especially DNA IT [22][23][24] ) has stimulated the strong interest of scholars and has become an emerging hot field. [25][26][27] Specifically, some functional molecules and nanosystems (like fluorescent carbon dots, luminescent metal-organic framework, and graphene-based) have been used to construct molecular logic gates [28,29] (including combinational logic and sequential logic gates [30] ) for implementing simple/complex logic computations, [31,32] and to build molecular keypad locks [33] and/or crypto-steganographic systems [27] for information protection at the molecular level. [32,34,35] In addition, several pioneering works based on BNMs have enabled the operation of simple molecular logic gates by virtue of their optical properties and characteristic signal responses to targets.…”

Multimorphological Remoldable Silver Nanomaterials from Multimode and Multianalyte Colorimetric Sensing to Molecular Information Technology

“…MIT is an emerging frontier hotspot, including molecular information processing (logic computing), information storage (like DNA data storage), and security protection . With the help of extensible design and stimulus-responsiveness of molecular or nanosystems, some limited examples have been successfully demonstrated for multipurpose applications of sensing, logic computing, or information protection. − How to use simple molecular or nanosystems to build large-scale parallel logic circuits and realize complex logic operations is a direction to pursue . For example, by mining the ability of multichannel and multimatter sensing of molecular or nanosystems, the number of logical inputs and outputs can be effectively increased, to expand the scale of logic operations. ,,, Meanwhile, another emerging direction is how to develop or use molecular or nanosystems to explore the characteristics of the molecular information contained in them, to protect information (such as information encryption and hiding). − Although some molecular or nanosystems have created vitality in molecular computing and information safety, − it still has great challenges, including manufacturing defects, poor functionality, and limited paradigms.…”

Dual-Optical Signal Molecular Logic System Based on CsPbBr3@SiO2 Film Electrodes with Modulated Photoluminescence and Electrochemiluminescence Behaviors

“…The construction of molecular logic gates, which perform Boolean logic operations at the molecular level by simulating silicon-based computing with a chemical/biochemical method, has shown considerable development prospects in medical intelligent diagnosis, information encryption, biological detection, and other aspects. Complex combinatorial molecular gates, which are integrated by simple molecular Boolean logic gates, can respond to multiple environmental factors, including but not limited to temperature, pH, small molecules, ions, and other substances in solution to produce various signals, such as optical, electrical, and other types of signal .…”