Multifunctional Charge Transporting Materials for Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes

Jeong, Ji Eun; Park, Jong Hyun; Jang, Chung Hyeon; Song, Myoung Hoon; Woo, Han Young

doi:10.1002/adma.202002176

Cited by 63 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 165 publications

(252 reference statements)

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“…[6,7] Since the first room-temperature perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) were demonstrated in 2014 with external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 0.76% and 0.1%, [8] the field of PeLEDs has developed rapidly. Due to advances in material composition designs (e.g., mixed cation or anion compositions, metal doping, ligand engineering, and dimensional tuning), [9][10][11][12][13] control of perovskite formation conditions (e.g., by using additives, solvent treatment, annealing, or vacuum deposition), [14,15] optimization of device architectures (e.g., development of charge-transport layers (CTLs) and light out-coupling structures), [16,17] and interfacial modification (e.g., buffer layers, blocking layers, interfacial pas-PeLEDs are summarized; these approaches include spectroscopic, microscopic, and electrical measurements. Fourth, the impact of ion migration on PeLED performance is discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Migration in Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Mechanism, Characterizations, and Material and Device Engineering

et al. 2022

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sivation), [18,19] the record EQEs of PeLEDs have reached 12.3%, [20] 28.1%, [21] 23%, [22] and 22.2% [23] for blue, green, red, and infrared emission, respectively. Despite the remarkable progress in improving the performance of PeLEDs, the devices still suffer from poor operational stability and rapid decay over time. Although encapsulation of the devices can protect them against moisture and oxygen, [24] internal heat-or electric field-driven defect generation processes, which are often linked to ion migration, could cause severe degradation of electroluminescence.Ion motion in MHPs was initially observed in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and manifested as an anomalous dielectric response at low frequency and hysteresis in the current-voltage curve. [25] Extensive studies have been performed to investigate the properties of the ions, [25,26] the ion distribution in PSCs under dark and illumination, [27] and the electronic-ionic coupling and its impact on device operation. [28] PSCs differ from PeLEDs in that the fabrication of PeLEDs typically involves the use of largely excess organic halide salts; a portion of these halides do not participate in the perovskite lattice but instead reside on the surfaces and grain boundaries, thus inducing additional mobile ions in the PeLEDs. [29][30][31] More importantly, the electric field across the very thin perovskite layer (typically tens of nanometers) in a PeLED is much stronger than the field in a PSC. Because of these factors and the effects of local heating, ion migration has a substantial effect on PeLEDs operation. Indeed, numerous recent studies have reported ion-induced degradation of PeLEDs. [31][32][33][34][35][36] Accordingly, many studies on understanding, characterizing, and preventing ion generation and migration in PeLEDs have been performed in the last few years.Herein, we perform a systematic review of the origin, movement mechanism, characterization, effects on device performance and stability, and management of ion migration in PeLEDs. As presented in Scheme 1, the review begins by introducing the origins of ionic defects by considering the structural, compositional, and processing characteristics of perovskite emissive layers. Then, the transport dynamics of ions are described with a focus on three factors: Migration activation energy, external stimulus (e.g., electric field and Joule heating), and pathways (i.e., bulk vs grain boundaries or surfaces). Third, the characterization approaches for probing ion migration in In recent years, perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as a promising new lighting technology with high external quantum efficiency, color purity, and wavelength tunability, as well as, low-temperature processability. However, the operational stability of PeLEDs is still insufficient for their commercialization. The generation and migration of ionic species in metal halide perovskites has been widely acknowledged as the primary factor causing the performance degradation of PeLEDs. Herein, this topic is systematically d...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Migration in Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Mechanism, Characterizations, and Material and Device Engineering

et al. 2022

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“…Light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) represent devices that can enable photon emission by driving electrons and holes to recombine with the assist of an external electric field. [ 312 , 313 ] Due to the favorable bandgap, outstanding electrostatic tunability and excellent mechanical properties, 2DLMs have demonstrated grand potential in LEDs as well. [ 314 , 315 , 316 ] Nevertheless, there are still several issues to be addressed prior to the extensive utilization of 2DLMs in LED.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Material Alloys: Synthesis and Application in Electronic and Optoelectronic Devices

Yao

Yang

2021

Advanced Science

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2D layered materials (2DLMs) have come under the limelight of scientific and engineering research and broke new ground across a broad range of disciplines in the past decade. Nevertheless, the members of stoichiometric 2DLMs are relatively limited. This renders them incompetent to fulfill the multitudinous scenarios across the breadth of electronic and optoelectronic applications since the characteristics exhibited by a specific material are relatively monotonous and limited. Inspiringly, alloying of 2DLMs can markedly broaden the 2D family through composition modulation and it has ushered a whole new research domain: 2DLM alloy nano-electronics and nano-optoelectronics. This review begins with a comprehensive survey on synthetic technologies for the production of 2DLM alloys, which include chemical vapor transport, chemical vapor deposition, pulsed-laser deposition, and molecular beam epitaxy, spanning their development, as well as, advantages and disadvantages. Then, the up-to-date advances of 2DLM alloys in electronic devices are summarized. Subsequently, the up-to-date advances of 2DLM alloys in optoelectronic devices are summarized. In the end, the ongoing challenges of this emerging field are highlighted and the future opportunities are envisioned, which aim to navigate the coming exploration and fully exert the pivotal role of 2DLMs toward the next generation of electronic and optoelectronic devices.

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“…Perovskite materials have attracted extensive attention due to their interesting properties such as photoluminescence, electroluminescence, high carrier mobility, large optical absorption coefficient and good nonlinear optical properties [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The chemical composition of traditional perovskite is CaTiO 3 , which belongs to orthorhombic system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and Challenges in Two-Dimensional Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites Toward High-Performance Light-Emitting Diodes

et al. 2021

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Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are known as one of the most promising luminescent materials due to their structural diversity and outstanding optoelectronic properties. Compared with 3D perovskites, 2D perovskites have natural quantum well structures, large exciton binding energy (Eb) and outstanding thermal stability, which shows great potential in the next-generation displays and solid-state lighting. In this review, the fundamental structure, photophysical and electrical properties of 2D perovskite films were illustrated systematically. Based on the advantages of 2D perovskites, such as special energy funnel process, ultra-fast energy transfer, dense film and low efficiency roll-off, the remarkable achievements of 2D perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are summarized, and exciting challenges of 2D perovskite are also discussed. An outlook on further improving the efficiency of pure-blue PeLEDs, enhancing the operational stability of PeLEDs and reducing the toxicity to push this field forward was also provided. This review provides an overview of the recent developments of 2D perovskite materials and LED applications, and outlining challenges for achieving the high-performance devices."Image missing"

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Multifunctional Charge Transporting Materials for Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes

Cited by 63 publications

References 165 publications

Ion Migration in Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Mechanism, Characterizations, and Material and Device Engineering

Ion Migration in Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Mechanism, Characterizations, and Material and Device Engineering

2D Layered Material Alloys: Synthesis and Application in Electronic and Optoelectronic Devices

Advances and Challenges in Two-Dimensional Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites Toward High-Performance Light-Emitting Diodes

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