The phosphine-based tricarboxylate
2-(3,3′-dioxo-1λ5-1,1′-(3H,3′H)-spirobi[2,1-benzoxaphosphol]-1-yl)benzoic
acid (L) has been intensely
studied due to its unique configuration and readily oxidizable phosphorus
center. However, the coordination of L with metals have been largely
ignored in the field of coordination polymers (CPs). Herein, we report
two CPs, [Zn3(L1)2(dib)2(H2O)]·9H2O (1) and [Cu3(L2)2(dib)2]·3H2O (2) (H3L1 = tris(2-carboxyphenyl)phosphine oxide, H3L2
= 2,2′-phosphinico-dibenzoic acid, dib = 1,4-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)butane), synthesized based on L. Strikingly, despite
the initial use of L, the structures of 1 and 2 reveal that L undergoes two unprecedented in situ structural changes
after coordination with the metal ion. In 1, L is transformed
to the phosphine oxide derivative L1, while in 2, it
is transformed to the phosphinic acid derivative L2. With the aid
of the flexible ligand dib, the one-dimensional (1D) chain structure
of 1 and three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular structure
of 2 were constructed. For 1 and 2, especially in 1, there are abundant hydrogen bonds
between the framework and the lattice water molecules, which are conducive
to the formation of excellent hydrophilic channels and the transport
of protons. Electrochemical experimental results show that 1 and 2 exhibit high proton conductivities (σ)
of more than 10–4 S cm–1 over
a wide temperature range of 303–353 K and low activation energies
(E
a) at 98% relative humidity. Compared
with the σ value of the initial ligand L (3.12 × 10–5 S cm–1), the best σ values
of 1 and 2 are improved by 28 times and
6 times, respectively, and E
a is also
reduced from 0.39 to 0.13 eV for 1 and 0.12 eV for 2. This is the first report of proton-conducting polymers
based on a phosphine-based carboxylate ligand, involving two in situ
structural transitions of the ligand.