Multifunctional hydrogel coatings with high antimicrobial loading efficiency and pH-responsive properties for urinary catheter applications

Abstract

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. Encrustation formation results from infection of urease-producing bacteria further complicated the situation. A typical sign of the initial...

Piezoelectrically-activated antibacterial catheter for prevention of urinary tract infections in an on-demand manner

“…However, AMPs coatings still face challenges such as loss of antimicrobial activity, nonspecific binding, and alterations in peptide orientation [ 19 ]. Additionally, researchers are exploring the use of hydrogels as carriers to load furanone derivatives antimicrobial agents onto urinary catheters, demonstrating better antimicrobial effects compared with traditional Foley catheters [ 20 ]. Actually, most of antimicrobial catheters currently under research rely on antimicrobial drugs [ 21 ].…”

Long-term antifouling surfaces for urinary catheters

“…When analyzing the basis of CAUTIs, two types of bacteria play a major role in the development of infections, which are Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. 33 In particular, E. coli corresponds to 80% of the UTI 34 and 24% of the CAUTI cases, and it's quite renowned for its antibiotic resistance, which makes it difficult to eliminate from the urinary tract. 35 Similarly, P. mirabilis has a high infection rate 36 and is the main cause of crystal biofilm formation through the production of the urease enzyme.…”

Highly Adhesive and Self-Healing Zwitterionic Hydrogels as Antibacterial Coatings for Medical Devices

“…Although objective progress has been made in the antibacterial coating of hydrogels, the problems associated with their continuous use in the actual environment have been exposed. The single antibacterial function of hydrogel coating has made it difficult to meet the requirements of application in the actual environment. , This is because, in the actual environment where medical devices are used, they are often subjected to constant friction, which can lead to breakage and peeling of the coating, resulting in reduced antibacterial efficiency. , Therefore, while ensuring the antibacterial function of the coating, it is of great significance and practical value to introduce adhesion ability and self-healing ability into the coating to better adhere to the surface of the equipment and self-repair damaged wounds. In the past few decades, zwitterionic polymers have attracted the attention of many scholars. − Zwitterionic polymers contain positive and negative charges, which can form physical cross-linking through strong electrostatic interaction between zwitterionic groups so that hydrogels exhibit high mechanical strength and good self-healing ability. − In addition, the rich charged groups and polar groups in zwitterion can enhance the adhesion between the gel and various substrates through dipole–dipole interactions or ion–dipole interactions. , For this reason, zwitterionic polymers are also a class of polymers with excellent adhesive properties. − For example, Song et al .…”

“…The single antibacterial function of hydrogel coating has made it difficult to meet the requirements of application in the actual environment. 16,17 This is because, in the actual environment where medical devices are used, they are often subjected to constant friction, which can lead to breakage and peeling of the coating, resulting in reduced antibacterial efficiency. 18,19 Therefore, while ensuring the antibacterial function of the coating, it is of great significance and practical value to introduce adhesion ability and self-healing ability into the coating to better adhere to the surface of the equipment and self-repair damaged wounds.…”