Multifunctional Janus Nanoplatform for Efficiently Synergistic Theranostics of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Progress has been made in the application of nanomedicine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. However, the whole process of monitoring and treatment of RA remains a formidable challenge due to the complexity of the chronic autoimmune disease. In this study, we develop a Janus nanoplatform (denoted as Janus-CPS) composed of CeO2–Pt nanozyme subunit on one side and periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) subunit on another side for simultaneous early diagnosis and synergistic therapy of RA. The Janus nanostructure, which enables more active sites to be exposed, enhances the reactive oxygen species scavenging capability of CeO2–Pt nanozyme subunit as compared to their core–shell counterpart. Furthermore, micheliolide (MCL), an extracted compound from natural plants with anti-osteoclastogenesis effects, is loaded into the mesopores of PMO subunit to synergize with the anti-inflammation effect of nanozymes for efficient RA treatment, which has been demonstrated by in vitro cellular experiments and in vivo collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. In addition, by taking advantage of the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) fluorescent imaging, indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded Janus-CPS exhibits desirable effectiveness in detecting RA lesions at a very early stage. It is anticipated that such a Janus nanoplatform may offer an alternative strategy of functional integration for versatile theranostics.

Features of Anisotropic Drug Delivery Systems

“…[ 172 ] Liu and colleagues showed that a similar approach can be used for simultaneous early diagnosis and synergistic rheumatoid arthritis therapy. [ 173 ]…”

Nanozymes With Osteochondral Regenerative Effects: An Overview of Mechanisms and Recent Applications

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 126 ] Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. c) Distribution of ICG, A‐nanoceria‐ICG, and PEG‐nanoceria‐ICG over time by multispectral optoacoustic tomography (grey: ultrasound, red: oxygenated hemoglobin, green: ICG).…”

“…developed a Janus nanoplatform (Janus‐CPS) consisting of CeO 2 –Pt nanozymes subunits on one side and periodic mesoporous organosilica subunits on the other side for simultaneous early diagnosis and synergistic treatment of RA (Figure 15b). [ 126 ] By combining the NIR dye indocyanine green (ICG) into the nanoplatform, Janus‐CPS‐MI have NIR II fluorescence imaging capability, allowing the detection of RA at an early stage. In addition, nanoparticles developed by Kalashnikova achieved inflammatory targeting, therapeutic, and imaging functions by coupling cerium dioxide nanoparticles to albumin and ICG.…”

Mitochondrial-Targeted Ratiometric Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe for Monitoring Nitric Oxide in Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a serious threat to human health as it can cause inflammation, swelling, and pain in the joints, severely damaging the joints over time and eventually leading to progressive disability and systemic complication. − Currently, conventional imaging techniques for RA diagnosis mainly rely on X-ray, CT, MRI, and ultrasonography. − However, these existing methods are limited by potential radiation hazards, low sensitivity and specificity, poor spatial and temporal resolution, which provide insufficient information to understand the biological processes underlying the pathology of RA disease, thus fail to diagnose RA disease early . Therefore, there is still an urgent need to develop highly sensitive, selective, and nonradioactive bioimaging methods for real-time diagnosis of early RA to assess pathological changes in RA.…”