“…These MR/optical imaging agents can be used to monitor enzyme activity, in brain tumor imaging, and to detect and monitor apoptosis and atherosclerosis [439]. Other types of multimodal contrast agents [5,25,74,200,201,281,430,432,433,436,437,[440][441][442] such as probes with three modes of imaging are considered, for example MRI/NIRF/PET [439], and even four [425,439,443,444] which are gathered in Table 3. As an example, difficulty in delineating brain tumor margins is a major obstacle for further efficient treatment This provided non-invasive tumor delineation by the three modalities and through the intact skull.…”