The surface of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles is very reactive and can oxidize to γ-Fe 2 O 3 (maghemite) and α-Fe 2 O 3 (hematite) structures. Based on this, the oxidation process of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles must be prevented, and one of the strategies is surface functionalization with organic or inorganic molecules. Thus, this study analyzed the thermal behavior of Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 O 4 -EDTA nanoparticles using X-ray diffraction (XRD), simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results showed that γ-Fe 2 O 3 was obtained as an intermediate in Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 O 4 -EDTA decomposition, as confirmed by TG-DTA and DSC curves. Moreover, Fe 3 O 4 -EDTA exhibited a temperature peak (T p = 573.5°C) of phase transformation (γ-Fe 2 O 3 → α-Fe 2 O 3 ) higher than that of Fe 3 O 4 (T p = 533.0°C), confirming that EDTA molecules stabilized the nanoparticles efficiently. The kinetic behavior of samples changed, and the activation energy for functionalized samples decreased.