Multifunctional nanoparticles as a tissue adhesive and an injectable marker for image-guided procedures

Abstract

Tissue adhesives have emerged as an alternative to sutures and staples for wound closure and reconnection of injured tissues after surgery or trauma. Owing to their convenience and effectiveness, these adhesives have received growing attention particularly in minimally invasive procedures. For safe and accurate applications, tissue adhesives should be detectable via clinical imaging modalities and be highly biocompatible for intracorporeal procedures. However, few adhesives meet all these requirements. Herein, we show that biocompatible tantalum oxide/silica core/shell nanoparticles (TSNs) exhibit not only high contrast effects for real-time imaging but also strong adhesive properties. Furthermore, the biocompatible TSNs cause much less cellular toxicity and less inflammation than a clinically used, imageable tissue adhesive (that is, a mixture of cyanoacrylate and Lipiodol). Because of their multifunctional imaging and adhesive property, the TSNs are successfully applied as a hemostatic adhesive for minimally invasive procedures and as an immobilized marker for image-guided procedures.

Colloidal Lignin Particles as Adhesives for Soft Materials

“…5 % compared to the diluted adhesive. These results show when using NP prepared from soft natural matter (technical lignin, proteins and their combinations) it is possible to obtain strong elastic agglutinations between soft surfaces evidenced recently [24,68,69]. Type of the biopolymer affects significantly to the strength, flexibility and elongation of the joint.…”

“…-100 kDa) were adsorbed on the surface that was finally washed with water. As shown in the Furthermore, they are often toxic [6,69]. Coating fibres with specific CLPs could be an effective way to improve mechanical strength.…”

Valued Applications of Lignin Nanoparticles

“…Capability to obtain tight bonding between tissue edges to prevent bleeding and to get strong sealing are crucial properties for medical adhesives [42,49,50]. These adhesives are often toxic and unstable at physiological pH requiring complex in vivo analytical systems for curing reactions [51]. Feasibility to coat CNF with different CLPs using thermal cross-linking was demonstrated recently [19].…”

“…Additionally, the colloidal structure of NPs enables faster decomposition of the particles in biological media than inorganic NPs, hindering undesirable accumulation in the body. The strong autofluorescence of lignin enable sensitive real time detection of the CLPs using microscopy, crucial for the development of image-guided procedures for clinical applications [51]. Enzymatic and thermal curing are fast and feasible in a moist environment [19].…”

“…In the cell, the drug is either slowly released via diffusion, or the structure of CLP is degraded [3,30,35]. CLPs magnetized by precipitating NPs with a magnetic salt or a magnetic mineral such as Fe 3 O 4 enable efficient control of the particles in living systems with NMR imaging [36,51].…”