Multifunctional Polymeric Phthalocyanine‐Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient Redox Mediators of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Abstract

than conventional lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. [1] However, the inherent limitations of currently available LiS batteries-namely their volume expansion during the charge-discharge process, the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), and the low intrinsic conductivity of S-hamper their commercialization. [2] Extensive research is needed to develop affordable S host materials that can resolve the above-mentioned limitations, as this will enable the development of practical LiS batteries with high energy densities and excellent cycle stabilities. [3] Carbonaceous materials have high electrical conductivities, large surface areas,

Homogeneous Adsorption of Multiple Potassiation Products of Red Phosphorus Anode toward Stable Potassium Storage

“…21 While the incorporation of NiPc inhibits the growth of P−O−C bonds, which may be related to the structure of MPc with a highly catalytically active site M-N 4 . As shown in Figure 1f N 1s XPS spectra, 16 The micromorphology and structure of samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Figure S2a−d). The test results show that MPc@RP/C and RP/C present a few microns in size and irregular lumpy particles.…”

“…For instance, Lee and co-workers designed a multifunctional polymeric cobalt phthalocyanine molecule with triethylene glycol linkers (TCP) and loaded it onto carbon nanotubes to obtain TCP/MCs. 16 Electrochemical and theoretical analyses verified that cobalt ions in the phthalocyanine center can provide redox mediating capacity, which facilitates the kinetics of polysulfide uptake and conversion reactions. Additionally, the nitrogen atom displays a strong polar interaction with Li, resulting in a lithophilic effect.…”

“…MPc is chemically and physically stable, making it a highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst. For instance, Lee and co-workers designed a multifunctional polymeric cobalt phthalocyanine molecule with triethylene glycol linkers (TCP) and loaded it onto carbon nanotubes to obtain TCP/MCs . Electrochemical and theoretical analyses verified that cobalt ions in the phthalocyanine center can provide redox mediating capacity, which facilitates the kinetics of polysulfide uptake and conversion reactions.…”

“…As both RP and sulfur are promising alloy conversion electrode materials with similar reaction mechanisms, the study considers the introduction of MPc into phosphorus–carbon composites to address the challenges faced by RP anodes. The MPc can offer following advantages for RP anodes: (1) MPc contains M-N 4 high catalytic activity sites, which can improve the electron transport and electrochemical activity of RP; (2) RP can be compounded with carbon matrix through the π–π conjugated structure provided by MPc, alleviating the problem of poor adsorption between RP and carbon materials; (3) the MPc can form complexes with K + ions, thus homogenize the distribution of K + ions though its planar molecule, and increase the mobility number of K + ions, further reducing the spatial electric field and inhibiting the generation of potassium dendrites. , Therefore, the introduction of MPc into phosphorus–carbon composites can be supposed to realize the organic–inorganic hybridization of RP, carbon materials, and MPc.…”

Conductive Metal–Organic Framework with Superior Redox Activity as a Stable High-Capacity Anode for High-Temperature K-Ion Batteries

“…Furthermore, traditional MOFs usually also suffer from poor electronic conductivity, which impedes the full exploitation of their electrochemical performances, particularly the high-rate performance. Recent studies demonstrated that MOF-derived electrode materials with enhanced electronic conductivity could promise significant applied implications for energy storage applications. − However, to achieve the direct use of the prepared MOF materials as active materials for KIB anodes, it is critical to endow the designed MOFs with the combination of superior redox activity, outstanding stability, and high conductivity.…”