Multifunctional role of carbon dot-based polymer nanocomposites in biomedical applications: a review

Abstract

Carbon-based 0D materials have shown tremendous potential in the development of biomedical applications of the next generation. The astounding results are primarily motivated by their distinctive nanoarchitecture and unique properties. Integrating these properties of 0D carbon nanomaterials into various polymer systems has orchestrated exceptional potential for their use in the development of sustainable and cutting-edge biomedical applications such as biosensors, bioimaging, biomimetic implants and many more. Specifically, carbon dots (CDs) have gained much attention in the development of biomedical devices due to their optoelectronic properties and scope of band manipulation upon surface revamping. The role of CDs in reinforcing various polymeric systems has been reviewed along with discussing unifying concepts of their mechanistic aspects. The study also discussed CDs optical properties via the quantum confinement effect and band gap transition which is further useful in various biomedical application studies. Graphical Abstract

Ex Vivo Glucose Detection in Human Blood Serums with Carbon Quantum Dot-Doped Oleic Acid-Treated Chitosan Nanocomposites

“…The HRTEM images of Ch-OL/CQD@Glu are represented in Figure g (magnified at 20 nm) and Figure h (magnified at 5 nm). It is observed that CQDs are uniformly and densely dispersed in the composite without any agglomeration, which is due to the situation of CQD in the OL-derived Ch network restricting the possibilities of agglomeration . Further, grain sizes are measured from the selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis of the Ch-OL/CQD@Glu nanocomposite and are represented in Figure i.…”

“…It is observed that CQDs are uniformly and densely dispersed in the composite without any agglomeration, which is due to the situation of CQD in the OL-derived Ch network restricting the possibilities of agglomeration. 43 Further, grain sizes are measured from the selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis of the Ch-OL/CQD@Glu nanocomposite and are represented in Figure 2i. Electron microscopic study of the composites with and without glucose gives a distinctive idea regarding the interaction of glucose with the matrix.…”

Low-Toxicity Antibacterial Carbon Nanodots for Wound Dressings and Food Packaging

“…In a rough projection, 31.8 g of CDs WL-Oxi is enough to prepare >140,000 cm 2 , or 14 × 1 m for convenience, of a packaging/dressing film that is 0.1 cm thick with a CDs WL-Oxi concentration equivalent to the CDs' MBC (2.25 mg/mL). These results suggest a sufficiently wide window of safe applications of CDs WL-Oxi in areas such as antibacterial wound dressing 47 and food packaging. 48 ■ CONCLUSIONS Fluorescent CDs WL-Red can be synthesized from a mixture of citric acid and cysteine, conveniently but in a low yield.…”

Recent advances and mechanism of antimicrobial efficacy of graphene-based materials: a review

“…One of the most studied systems is those in which two-dimensional allotropes of carbon and their derivatives such as monolayer graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and functionalized graphene oxide (-f-GO) are employed to unveil their antimicrobial potential. The 2D analogues of G provide an excellent opportunity to revamp their structures and extend the scope of their applications [ 23 – 26 ]. Several nano-analogues of these materials can be developed by various chemical modification methods (functionalization, doping, stacking, etc.…”