Rose-petal-like superhydrophobic surfaces with strong
water adhesion
are promising for microdroplet manipulation and lossless droplet transfer.
Assembly of self-grown micropillars on shape-memory polymer sheets
with their surface adhesion finely tunable was enabled using a picosecond
laser microprocessing system in a simple, fast, and large-scale manner.
The processing speed of the wettability-finely-tunable superhydrophobic
surfaces is up to 0.5 cm2/min, around 50–100 times
faster than the conventional lithography methods. By adjusting the
micropillar height, diameter, and bending angle, as well as superhydrophobic
chemical treatment, the contact angle and adhesive force of water
droplets on the micropillar-textured surfaces can be tuned from 117.1°
up to 165° and 15.4 up to 200.6 μN, respectively. Theoretical
analysis suggests a well-defined wetting-state transition with respect
to the micropillar size and provides a clear guideline for microstructure
design for achieving a stabilized superhydrophobic region. Droplet
handling devices, including liquid handling tweezers and gloves, were
fabricated from the micropillar-textured surfaces, and lossless liquid
transfer of various liquids among various surfaces was demonstrated
using these devices. The superhydrophobic surfaces serve as a microreactor
platform to perform and reveal the chemical reaction process under
a space-constrained condition. The superhydrophobic surfaces with
self-assembled micropillars promise great potential in the fields
of lossless droplet transfer, biomedical detection, chemical engineering,
and microfluidics.