Multifunctional theranostic nanomedicines for cancer treatment: Recent progress and challenges

Karthikeyan, Laxmanan; Sobhana, Shankar; Yasothamani, Vellingiri; Gowsalya, Karunanidhi; Vivek, Raju

doi:10.1016/j.bea.2023.100082

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…In parallel, the term multimodal refers to the combination of multiple treatment modalities in a single therapy [ 123 ]. In the context of theranostics therapy, multimodal treatment can involve different approaches, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy [ 124 ]. These modalities can be incorporated into nanomaterials used for therapy, allowing for targeted delivery and enhanced efficacy.…”

Section: Results and Discussion—applications Of Nanotechnology In The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These modalities can be incorporated into nanomaterials used for therapy, allowing for targeted delivery and enhanced efficacy. The theranostic approach also enables real-time monitoring of treatment outcomes [ 124 ]. By incorporating imaging agents into nanomaterials, clinicians can track the distribution and effectiveness of the therapy.…”

Section: Results and Discussion—applications Of Nanotechnology In The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Applications of Nanotechnology in Healthcare and Medicine

Malik,

Muhammad,

Waheed

2023

Molecules

116

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Knowing the beneficial aspects of nanomedicine, scientists are trying to harness the applications of nanotechnology in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. There are also potential uses in designing medical tools and processes for the new generation of medical scientists. The main objective for conducting this research review is to gather the widespread aspects of nanomedicine under one heading and to highlight standard research practices in the medical field. Comprehensive research has been conducted to incorporate the latest data related to nanotechnology in medicine and therapeutics derived from acknowledged scientific platforms. Nanotechnology is used to conduct sensitive medical procedures. Nanotechnology is showing successful and beneficial uses in the fields of diagnostics, disease treatment, regenerative medicine, gene therapy, dentistry, oncology, aesthetics industry, drug delivery, and therapeutics. A thorough association of and cooperation between physicians, clinicians, researchers, and technologies will bring forward a future where there is a more calculated, outlined, and technically programed field of nanomedicine. Advances are being made to overcome challenges associated with the application of nanotechnology in the medical field due to the pathophysiological basis of diseases. This review highlights the multipronged aspects of nanomedicine and how nanotechnology is proving beneficial for the health industry. There is a need to minimize the health, environmental, and ethical concerns linked to nanotechnology.

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Section: Results and Discussion—applications Of Nanotechnology In The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussion—applications Of Nanotechnology In The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Applications of Nanotechnology in Healthcare and Medicine

Malik,

Muhammad,

Waheed

2023

Molecules

116

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“… 84–86 The toxicity of graphene-based materials may be influenced by various factors, including their physical state, chemical composition, size and surface charge. 87 Although GO and rGO have shown high biocompatibility in various studies, it should be taken into account that their toxicity may increase with subsequent functionalization. Therefore, the best solution is to functionalize graphene materials using biomimetic molecules, especially those that have received FDA approval.…”

Section: Summary and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Chasing Graphene-Based Anticancer Drugs: Where are We Now on the Biomedical Graphene Roadmap?

Uzdrowska,

Knap,

Gulczynski

et al. 2024

IJN

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Graphene and graphene-based materials have attracted growing interest for potential applications in medicine because of their good biocompatibility, cargo capability and possible surface functionalizations. In parallel, prototypic graphene-based devices have been developed to diagnose, imaging and track tumor growth in cancer patients. There is a growing number of reports on the use of graphene and its functionalized derivatives in the design of innovative drugs delivery systems, photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapy, and as a platform to combine multiple therapies. The aim of this review is to introduce the latest scientific achievements in the field of innovative composite graphene materials as potentially applied in cancer therapy. The “Technology and Innovation Roadmap” published in the Graphene Flagship indicates, that the first anti-cancer drugs using graphene and graphene-derived materials will have appeared on the market by 2030. However, it is necessary to broaden understanding of graphene-based material interactions with cellular metabolism and signaling at the functional level, as well as toxicity. The main aspects of further research should elucidate how treatment methods (e.g., photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, combination therapy) and the physicochemical properties of graphene materials influence their ability to modulate autophagy and kill cancer cells. Interestingly, recent scientific reports also prove that graphene nanocomposites modulate cancer cell death by inducing precise autophagy dysfunctions caused by lysosome damage. It turns out as well that developing photothermal oncological treatments, it should be taken into account that near-infrared-II radiation (1000–1500 nm) is a better option than NIR-I (750–1000 nm) because it can penetrate deeper into tissues due to less scattering at longer wavelengths radiation.

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“…The immunotherapy aims to quickly infiltrate tumor tissues and destroy tumor cells by producing a large number of highly active CTLs. Consequently, toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are frequently required to induce DC maturation. − Therefore, the iTME might reduce the therapeutic benefit. Furthermore, an effective strategy is required to reduce immunological suppression in the iTME.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor-Targeted Conjugated Polymer Promotes Photothermal Immunogenic Cell Death and Release of the TLR-9 Immunostimulant Induced Efficient Cancer Immunotherapy

Karthikeyan,

Rasheed,

Haldorai

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Emerging and promising tools against cancer are theranostic nanoplatforms that combine imaging and therapy. A major challenge is unsatisfactory antitumor efficiency, which is accompanied by a great risk of tumor relapse. Therefore, a multimodal therapeutic functional strategy is highly desirable that can eradicate tumors, preventing tumor relapses and impeding the metastases. Therefore, a combination of photoimmunotherapy in a single therapeutic nanoplatform for efficient tumor-targeted therapy is an efficient task. Herein, we designed a theranostic conjugated polymer polyaniline (PANi)-based synergistic therapeutic model for photothermal immunotherapy (PIT)composed of the EA-PANi@ICG/CpG-FA nanocomposite (NC). This nanosystem was combined with a phototheranostic agent (ICG) with immunomodulation (CpG). On the one hand, PANi promotes photothermal immunogenic cell death (ICD) upon NIR-light irradiation; dying tumors discharge damage-associated molecular pattern signals such as HMBG1, CRT, and ATP, thereby encouraging DC maturation and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Furthermore, to improve the immune response, CpG promotes the TLR-9 activation in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, the combinatorial action of NC with CpG leads to complete inhibition of tumor regression by a strong antitumor immune memory effect. We explore that the synergistic effect of the NC in targeted tumor cells improves excellent antitumor effects that have been achieved by photoimmunotherapeutic tactics of cancer therapy.

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Multifunctional theranostic nanomedicines for cancer treatment: Recent progress and challenges

Cited by 13 publications

References 87 publications

Emerging Applications of Nanotechnology in Healthcare and Medicine

Emerging Applications of Nanotechnology in Healthcare and Medicine

Chasing Graphene-Based Anticancer Drugs: Where are We Now on the Biomedical Graphene Roadmap?

Tumor-Targeted Conjugated Polymer Promotes Photothermal Immunogenic Cell Death and Release of the TLR-9 Immunostimulant Induced Efficient Cancer Immunotherapy

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