The massive amounts of textile waste generated every year emphasize an urgent need for innovative strategies to repurpose discarded textiles into valuable items. We report on the fabrication of electrospun nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) utilizing discarded polyester textiles and assessing their oil sorption capabilities. We used Spandex/polyester t-shirt and polyester t-shirt sources for the NFMs. We also used a discarded poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottle to produce NFMs. The resulting NFMs were labeled as SP t-shirt NFM, PET t-shirt NFM, and PET bottle NFM. We investigated the thermal and chemical properties of the NFMs through TGA, DSC, FTIR, and XPS analyses. The SP t-shirt NFM exhibited the highest water contact angle (WCA) of 134 ± 1°, while the WCA of the PET t-shirt NFM and PET bottle NFM were 123 ± 1 and 122 ± 1°, respectively. The SP t-shirt NFM also exhibited the highest oil sorption capacity. The sorption capacities of the SP t-shirt NFM for vegetable oil, pump oil, silicone oil, and hexane were determined to be 21.4 ± 3.3, 24.1 ± 1.0, 23.7 ± 1.3, and 15.0 ± 0.5 g g −1 , respectively. This superior oil sorption capability of the SP t-shirt NFM is attributed to the presence of Spandex traces in the nanofibers, providing a more hydrophobic content than PET, thereby enhancing oil sorption activities. The SP t-shirt NFM exhibited satisfactory reusability as oil sorbents over five cycles and demonstrated effective adsorption of pump oil from water. This study provides valuable insights into upcycling approaches for repurposing discarded textiles into functional materials, with potential applications in addressing oil pollution problems.