Remote detection of spectral line emission is an important capability
in a number of areas, including defense and environmental science. In
this paper, we report on a mechanism for spectral line emission
detection that is not based on narrow bandpass filters or
hyperspectral imagers, but is instead based on the use of switchable
spectral filters. The use of a switchable filter enables a single
sensor to perform remote sensing tasking in a broad passband, while
also detecting emission in a particular spectral line. In this case,
the switchable spectral filter studied is a holographic polymer
dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) reflection grating. The concept is
demonstrated through modeling a sensor with an integrated HPDLC filter
and building a detection algorithm capable of detecting spectral line
emission. The modeling framework is built upon four components: the
background scene, the spectral line source, the HPDLC filter, and the
sensor. Results from the model show probability of detection and
probability of false alarm for spectral line sources of varying
strength for a particular background scene.