Multilayer thin-film filters of extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray spectral regions

Volodin, B. A.; Гусев, С. А.; Дроздов, М. Н.; Zuev, S. Yu.; Klyuenkov, E. B.; Lopatin, A. Ya.; Luchin, V. I.; Pestov, A. E.; Салащенко, Н. Н.; Tsybin, N. N.; Чхало, Н. И.

doi:10.3103/s1062873810010120

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The pulse energy and absolute number of photons in the soft x-ray spectra were estimated using the calculated mirror reflectivity which agreed with measurements at several wavelengths 30 , measured filters transmission 31 , calculated transmission grating efficiency 32 , 33 , and CCD efficiency and gain provided by the manufacturer. In this way the Spectrograph throughput, Supplementary Figure 4a , was obtained.…”

Section: The Biser Conceptsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…As no single material can afford efficient normal-incidence reflection in the soft x-ray spectral region, we used an aperiodic Mo/Si multilayer coating 56 designed for approximately uniform 11% reflectivity in the 12.4 to 20 nm spectral region 30 , corresponding to the photon energy range of 60 to 100 eV. To avoid detector exposure from laser and out-of-band plasma radiation, we used two free-standing optical blocking filters, specifically two 0.2 µm thick multilayer Zr/Al filters 31 in the case of the Spectrograph and 0.1 µm Zr and 0.2 µm Zr/Al filters in the case of the Imager. A 0.4 T, 5 cm long magnet deflected charged particles away from the sensors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burst intensification by singularity emitting radiation in multi-stream flows

Pirozhkov

Esirkepov

Pikuz

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Burst Intensification by Singularity Emitting Radiation (BISER) is proposed. Singularities in multi-stream flows of emitting media cause constructive interference of emitted travelling waves, forming extremely localized sources of bright coherent emission. Here we for the first time demonstrate this extreme localization of BISER by direct observation of nano-scale coherent x-ray sources in a laser plasma. The energy emitted into the spectral range from 60 to 100 eV is up to ~100 nJ, corresponding to ~1010 photons. Simulations reveal that these sources emit trains of attosecond x-ray pulses. Our findings establish a new class of bright laboratory sources of electromagnetic radiation. Furthermore, being applicable to travelling waves of any nature (e.g. electromagnetic, gravitational or acoustic), BISER provides a novel framework for creating new emitters and for interpreting observations in many fields of science.

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Section: The Biser Conceptsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burst intensification by singularity emitting radiation in multi-stream flows

Pirozhkov

Esirkepov

Pikuz

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…In some experimental campaigns, the transmitted laser beam footprint was measured with the Teflon screen and optical charge-coupled device (CCD); the X-rays passed to the spectrograph through the aperture made in the screen. The X-ray spectra were recorded in all the experiments in the forward direction with a flat-field grazing-incidence spectrograph comprised of a toroidal mirror, slit, optical blocking filters [13], flat-field varied-line-space spherical grating [14] and back-illuminated charge-coupled device (CCD). The spectrograph is described in more detail in [2].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Requirements for High-Order Harmonic Generation by Relativistic Plasma Singularities

Pirozhkov

Esirkepov

Pikuz

et al. 2018

QuBS

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We discuss requirements on relativistic-irradiance (I 0 > 10 18 W/cm 2) high-power (multi-terawatt) ultrashort (femtosecond) lasers for efficient generation of high-order harmonics in gas jet targets in a new regime discovered recently (Pirozhkov et al., 2012). Here, we present the results of several experimental campaigns performed with different irradiances, analyse the obtained results and derive the required laser parameters. In particular, we found that the root mean square (RMS) wavefront error should be smaller than~100 nm (~λ/8). Further, the angular dispersion should be kept considerably smaller than the diffraction divergence, i.e., µrad level for 100-300-mm beam diameters. The corresponding angular chirp should not exceed 10 −2 µrad/nm for a 40-nm bandwidth. We show the status of the J-KAREN-P laser (Kiriyama et al., 2015; Pirozhkov et al., 2017) and report on the progress towards satisfying these requirements.

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“…with dry-reactive ion etching (Haga et al, 1998(Haga et al, , 2000Takenaka et al, 2005;Andreev et al, 2005;MacDonald et al, 2008MacDonald et al, , 2009. Another method to make freestanding ML-BSs is by using the photoresist or another sublayer that is dissolved and the ML is subsequently lifted off and remounted onto a frame (Kortright et al, 1992;Kimura et al, 2005;Volodin et al, 2010;Nomura et al, 1992).…”

Section: Current State Of Ml-bs Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such beam splitters based on multilayer-coated membranes (ML-BSs) are required for, for example, pump-probe experiments, parallel user operation at FELs, autocorrelation measurements to determine the time structure of FEL pulses (Mitzner et al, 2008(Mitzner et al, , 2009), online wavefront diagnostics (Zeitoun et al, 2004), ellipsometry (Kortright et al, 1992;Kimura et al, 2005), polarimetry (Schä fers et al, 1999), interferometry (Da Silva et al, 1995a;Smith et al, 2003), transmission filters (Volodin et al, 2010), Fourier transform spectroscopy (de Oliveira et al, 2011) and as output couplers for laser cavities (Stearns et al, 1986;Ceglio, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mo/Si multilayer-coated amplitude-division beam splitters for XUV radiation sources

Sobierajski

Loch

Kruijs

et al. 2013

J Synchrotron Radiat

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Amplitude-division beam splitters for XUV radiation sources have been developed and extensively characterized. Mo/Si multilayer coatings were deposited on 50 nm-thick SiN membranes. By changing the multilayer structure (periodicity, number of bilayers, etc.) the intensity of the reflected and transmitted beams were optimized for selected incident radiation parameters (wavelength, incident angle). The developed optical elements were characterized by means of XUV reflectometry and transmission measurements, atomic force microscopy and optical interferometry. Special attention was paid to the spatial homogeneity of the optical response and reflected beam wavefront distortions. Here the results of the characterization are presented and improvements required for advanced applications at XUV free-electron lasers are identified. A flatness as low as 4 nm r.m.s. on 3 Â 3 mm beam splitters and 22 nm r.m.s. on 10 Â 10 mm beam splitters has been obtained. The high-spatialfrequency surface roughness was about 0.7-1 nm r.m.s. The middle-spatialfrequency roughness was in the range 0.2-0.8 nm r.m.s. The reflection and transmission of the beam splitters were found to be very homogeneous, with a deviation of less than 2% across the full optical element.

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Multilayer thin-film filters of extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray spectral regions

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Burst intensification by singularity emitting radiation in multi-stream flows

Burst intensification by singularity emitting radiation in multi-stream flows

Laser Requirements for High-Order Harmonic Generation by Relativistic Plasma Singularities

Mo/Si multilayer-coated amplitude-division beam splitters for XUV radiation sources

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