Multilayered Discrete Green's Functions Based on Mixed-Potential Finite-Difference Formulation

Topology Design of Dual-Band Antennas Using Binary Particle Swarm Optimization and Discrete Green’s Functions

“…Therefore, multi-layered DGFs are achieved through the approach presented recently by Mirhadi et al (2014). In that approach, first, the medium is meshed as a uniform rectangular lattice, with space increments Δx, Δy, and Δz in the x-, y-, and z-coordinate directions, respectively.…”

“…The spatial and time increments are set to Δx ¼ Δy ¼ Δz ¼ 0:4 mm and cΔt ¼ 0:5Δx, respectively. The DGFs of the three-layered media (airsubstrate-air) is obtained through the approach presented by Mirhadi et al (2014), and G xx , G xy , G yx , and G yy on the interface of the dielectric are saved. For the antenna analysis using the DGF method, the CPW is excited in the even mode with the Gaussian incident electric field in the x-direction, and the transient currents are computed at successive time steps by using Eq.…”

“…The total time and the memory of optimization are about 72 hr and 10 GB, respectively. As mentioned in Mirhadi et al (2014), the DGF method in the antenna analysis has some limitations in the memory allocation.…”

Ultra wideband antenna design using discrete Green's functions in conjunction with binary particle swarm optimisation

“…The DGFs were then applied to analysis of antennas with the aim of avoiding the need for absorbing boundary conditions and calculation of free space nodes around them [2][3][4][5]. Recently, the DGFs in multilayered media have been derived based on the finite-difference scheme of time-domain mixed-potential equations [6]. The DGFs, which are in the time-domain, are different from the discretised version of continuous Green's functions and reflect the attributes of the discrete solution such as dispersion and stability [7].…”

“…The multilayered DGFs have potential applications in printed antenna modelling especially broadband printed antennas. In the DGF method, the current distributions on an antenna have the same discrete scheme as the fields in the Yee grid of the FDTD method and are computed at time successive steps regardless of the white space around the antenna [3,6].…”