Multilevel approach for brick masonry walls – Part II: On the use of equivalent continua

Multilevel approach for brick masonry walls – Part III: A strategy for free vibration analysis

“…A numerical strategy, based on a multilevel approach, has been developed and investigated in [1,2]. While limited to the in-plane masonry behavior, the results proved that the approach is effective and computationally convenient for both the linear and nonlinear path-following static analysis of brick masonry walls, and can also account for cracking and damage through the model proposed in [8][9][10].…”

“…A comparison with the results obtained from FE models based on equivalent continua also allows a better understanding of the real limits of the different homogenization techniques discussed in [2].…”

“…see [4][5][6][7]). However, equivalent continua, while being tuned to reproduce smooth strain deformations of the masonry, become inaccurate on nonsmooth deformation modes (see [2]). This leads to the use of multilevel strategies which are able, at least in principle, to exploit the advantages of both coarse and fine modelings.…”

“…The multilevel modeling and solution approach for plane brick masonry walls proposed in [1,2] is extended here to the free vibration analysis. The proposed strategy is based on a convenient iterative-residual scheme particularly appropriate for the cited multilevel strategy.…”

Modeling Approaches for Masonry Structures

“…But, these models suffer from serious limitations when high deformation gradients occur, so that the macroscopic strain and stress fields considerably vary, and when strain-softening material behaviors are considered. To overcome these drawbacks, several techniques have been proposed, based on the use of interfaces [14] or nonlocal, higher-order and enriched micropolar models [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In particular, micropolar Cosserat models naturally introduce a material length scale into the constitutive description, to obtain a dependence of the overall response of the composite material on the absolute size of the constituents and to achieve a realistic description of the micro-structurally triggered macroscopic localization.…”