Multilevel driving waveform for electrophoretic displays to improve grey levels and response characteristics

Kim, Jong-Man; Kim, Kwangjoon; Lee, Seung-Woo

doi:10.1049/el.2014.3671

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Among these particles, the red and black electrophoretic particles are different in charged, mass, and volume. Therefore, they can be successfully separated to display different colors by controlling the magnitude and duration of the driving voltage [ 23 ]. As shown in Figure 1 a, black electrophoretic particles are driven to the top in a pixel with a high positive polarity voltage.…”

Section: Principle Of Electrophoretic Displays (Epds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Driving Waveform Based on a Damping Oscillation for Optimizing Red Saturation in Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays

Zeng

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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At present, three-color electrophoretic displays (EPDs) have problems of dim brightness and insufficient color saturation. In this paper, a driving waveform based on a damping oscillation was proposed to optimize the red saturation in three-color EPDs. The optimized driving waveform was composed of an erasing stage, a particles activation stage, a red electrophoretic particles purification stage, and a red display stage. The driving duration was set to 360 ms, 880 ms, 400 ms, and 2400 ms, respectively. The erasing stage was used to erase the current pixel state and refresh to a black state. The particles’ activation stage was set as two cycles, and then refreshed to the black state. The red electrophoretic particles’ purification stage was a damping oscillation driving waveform. The red and black electrophoretic particles were separated by changing the magnitude and polarity of applied electric filed, so that the red electrophoretic particles were purified. The red display stage was a low positive voltage, and red electrophoretic particles were driven to the common electrode to display a red state. The experimental results showed that the maximum red saturation could reach 0.583, which was increased by 27.57% compared with the traditional driving waveform.

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Section: Principle Of Electrophoretic Displays (Epds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Driving Waveform Based on a Damping Oscillation for Optimizing Red Saturation in Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays

Zeng

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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“…A new DC balance rule was proposed to solve this problem [ 18 ], and it could improve the response speed of red particles. The activation stage was used to improve the particle activity and the red saturation [ 19 , 20 ]. However, the red particle could not be activated fully by a traditional activation stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Display for Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays with High Saturation via a Separation Stage between Black and Red Particles

et al. 2022

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A three-color electrophoretic display (EPD) can solve the defect of an insufficient color display of black/white EPDs, but it is difficult to achieve a high red saturation due to the same driving polarity between black and red electrophoretic particles. In this work, a separation stage was proposed in the driving process to increase the red saturation in three-color EPDs. Firstly, red particles’ motion was analyzed by the electrophoretic theory and Stokes’ theorem to optimize driving parameters. Secondly, the activity of black particles was analyzed by testing different driving process parameters, and an optimal activation parameter for red particles was obtained. Next, the separation stage parameters were analyzed to reduce the mixing degree of black and red electrophoretic particles. Experimental results showed that the red and black electrophoretic particles could be effectively separated. Compared with an existing driving method, the red saturation was increased by 23.4%.

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“…A driving waveform which could optimize the activation stage was proposed, an inflection point was used to increase the duration of particles activation, and the distance which particles move to the target grayscale was reduced [25]. The duration of the activation stage was effectively reduced by this method, but it did not follow the rule of DC balance, which can easily cause damage to EPDs [26,27]. The distance which particles move to the target grayscale can be obtained by the reference grayscale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Driving Waveform for Shortening Response Time of Black Particles and White Particles in Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays

Zhang

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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The shortage of color in traditional electrophoretic displays (EPDs) can be compensated by three-color EPDs. However, the response time of black particles and white particles is increased. A new driving waveform based on the principle of three-color EPDs and electrophoresis theory was proposed to shorten the response time of black particles and white particles. The proposed driving waveform consisted of an erasing stage, an activation stage, a red driving stage, and a white or a black driving stage. The activation stage was mainly optimized in this paper. Firstly, the motion characteristics of the particles were analyzed using Stokes law and electrophoresis theory. Secondly, an optimal high frequency oscillation voltage was tested in order to improve the activity of the particles. Then, the influence of oscillation period and oscillation times on the activation stage were analyzed for optimizing the reference grayscale. According to the luminance of pixels, an oscillation period of 30 ms and an oscillation time of 30 were determined. The experimental results showed that the response time of black particles was shortened by 45%, and the response time of white particles was shortened by 40% compared with a traditional driving waveform.

show abstract

Multilevel driving waveform for electrophoretic displays to improve grey levels and response characteristics

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Design of Driving Waveform Based on a Damping Oscillation for Optimizing Red Saturation in Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays

Design of Driving Waveform Based on a Damping Oscillation for Optimizing Red Saturation in Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays

Red Display for Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays with High Saturation via a Separation Stage between Black and Red Particles

Design of Driving Waveform for Shortening Response Time of Black Particles and White Particles in Three-Color Electrophoretic Displays

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