Multilocus VNTR analysis of Mycobacterium ulcerans strains isolated in Côte d’Ivoire

Coulibaly-N'golo, Grossmann Marie-David; Ekaza, Euloge; Coulibaly, Bakary; Nguetta, Aka; N’Guessan, R.; Thiberge, Jean Michel; Caro, Valérie; Brisse, Sylvain; Bretin-Dosso, Mireille

doi:10.3855/jidc.1364

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…This observation correlates with our recent report that M. ulcerans tolerates a degree of salinity above 20 g/liter (186). In West Africa, where the disease is most prevalent, a dramatic increase in the incidence of Buruli ulcer has been reported by countries mostly along the Gulf of Guinea (17,197,(334)(335)(336)(337)(338)(339)(340)(341)(342)376). In all these countries, Buruli ulcer occurs in specific discrete foci, suggesting a space-confined distribution pattern (369).…”

Section: Geography Of Buruli Ulcersupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The resurgence of Buruli ulcer in the world has led the scientific community to a better understanding of the disease, including its reservoirs and modes of transmission, as well as risk factors. The most affected countries are in West Africa, with Côte d'Ivoire being among the most affected countries in the world (19,336,429) (Fig. 10; Table 1).…”

Section: Buruli Ulcer Prevalence In the Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eight West African countries declared 83.6% (range, 80.89% to 86.30%) of the total number of cases over the past 10 years (Fig. 2) (34,35,(332)(333)(334)(335)344), with Côte d'Ivoire being among the most affected countries in the world (19,336) ( Fig. 10; Table 1).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Buruli Ulcermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Buruli Ulcer, a Prototype for Ecosystem-Related Infection, Caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans

et al. 2018

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Buruli ulcer is a noncontagious disabling cutaneous and subcutaneous mycobacteriosis reported by 33 countries in Africa, Asia, Oceania, and South America. The causative agent, , derives from by genomic reduction and acquisition of a plasmid-borne, nonribosomal cytotoxin mycolactone, the major virulence factor. -specific sequences have been readily detected in aquatic environments in food chains involving small mammals. Skin contamination combined with any type of puncture, including insect bites, is the most plausible route of transmission, and skin temperature of<30°C significantly correlates with the topography of lesions. After 30 years of emergence and increasing prevalence between 1970 and 2010, mainly in Africa, factors related to ongoing decreasing prevalence in the same countries remain unexplained. Rapid diagnosis, including laboratory confirmation at the point of care, is mandatory in order to reduce delays in effective treatment. Parenteral and potentially toxic streptomycin-rifampin is to be replaced by oral clarithromycin or fluoroquinolone combined with rifampin. In the absence of proven effective primary prevention, avoiding skin contamination by means of clothing can be implemented in areas of endemicity. Buruli ulcer is a prototype of ecosystem pathology, illustrating the impact of human activities on the environment as a source for emerging tropical infectious diseases.

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Section: Geography Of Buruli Ulcersupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Buruli Ulcer Prevalence In the Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Buruli Ulcer, a Prototype for Ecosystem-Related Infection, Caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans

et al. 2018

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“…Buruli ulcer affects people of all races and ages, with a higher prevalence among adult women than among adult men [9]. In recent years, 83.6% of the total cases have been reported from several Western and Central African countries, including Côte d'Ivoire, which is one the most affected countries in the world, Benin, Ghana, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Cameroon [5,10]. In these Buruli ulcer-endemic countries, M. ulcerans is detected in wetland environments, including aquatic insects [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing Mycobacterium ulcerans along an alimentary chain in Côte d’Ivoire: A one health perspective

Hammoudi

Dizoe²,

Saad

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundMycobacterium ulcerans is an environmental mycobacterium responsible for an opportunistic, noncontagious tropical infection named Buruli ulcer that necrotizes the skin and the subcutaneous tissues. M. ulcerans is thought to penetrate through breached skin after contact with contaminated wetland environments, yet the exact biotopes where M. ulcerans occurs remain elusive, hence obscuring the epidemiological chain of transmission of this opportunistic pathogen. Methodology/Principal findingsPolymerase chain reaction investigations detected M. ulcerans in 39/46 (84.7%) rhizosphere specimens collected in 13 Buruli ulcer-endemic areas in Cô te d'Ivoire and 3/20 (15%) specimens collected in a nonendemic area (P = 5.73.E -7 ); only 3/63 (4.7%) sediment specimens from sediment surrounding the rhizospheres were positive in endemic area (P = 6.51.E -12 ). High-throughput sequencing further detected three PCR-positive plants, Croton hirtus, Corton kongensis and Oriza sativa var. japonica (rice), in the rectal content of two M. ulcerans-positive wild Thryonomys swinderianus grasscutters that were hunted in Buruli ulcer-endemic areas, while no PCR-positive plants were detected in the rectal content of two negative control animals that were farmed in a nonendemic area. Conclusions/SignificanceOur data suggest an alimentary chain of transmission of M. ulcerans from plants to T. swinderianus grasscutters and people that utilize T. swinderianus as bush meat in Buruli ulcerendemic areas in Cô te d'Ivoire. Guidance to adopt protective measures and avoid any direct contact with potentially contaminated rhizospheres and with grasscutter intestinal content when preparing the animals for cooking should be established for at-risk populations.

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“…Although this technique is highly sensitive and specific for M . ulcerans detection in clinical samples, its application on environmental samples remains difficult and non-specific due to the presence of PCR inhibitors and the existence of other environmental mycobacterial species harbouring IS2404 such as Mycobacterium lifandii , Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii and Mycobacterium marinum [ 18 – 20 ]. In order to increase the level of specificity and reliability of PCR results as well as increasing testing speediness of clinical and environmental samples, Fyfe et al [ 21 ] have developed two multiplex real time PCR (qPCR) targeting two insertion sequences (IS 2404 and IS 2606 ) and Ketoreductase-B domain gene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in the environment and its relationship with Buruli ulcer occurrence in Zio and Yoto districts of maritime region in Togo

et al. 2018

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BackgroundBuruli Ulcer (BU) is a neglected tropical skin infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Residence near aquatic areas has been identified as an important source of transmission of M. ulcerans with increased risk of contracting Buruli ulcer. However, the reservoir and the mode of transmission are not yet well known. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of M. ulcerans in the environment and its relationship with Buruli ulcer occurrence in Zio and Yoto districts of the maritime region in south Togo.MethodsA total of 219 environmental samples including soil (n = 119), water (n = 65), biofilms/plants (n = 29) and animals’ feces (n = 6) were collected in 17 villages of Zio and Yoto districts of the maritime region in Togo. DNA of M. ulcerans including IS2404 and IS2606 insertions sequences and mycolactone ketoreductase-B gene (KR-B) was detected using real time PCR amplification (qPCR) technique. In parallel, clinical samples of patients were tested to establish a comparison of the genetic profile of M. ulcerans between the two types of samples. A calibration curve was generated for IS2404 from a synthetic gene of M. ulcerans Transposase pMUM001, the plasmid of virulence.ResultsIn the absence of inhibition of the qPCR, 6/219 (2.7%) samples were tested positive for M. ulcerans DNA containing three sequences (IS2404/IS2606/KR-B). Positive samples of M. ulcerans were consisting of biofilms/plants (3/29; 10.3%), water (1/65; 1.7%) and soil (2/119; 1.5%). Comparative analysis between DNA detected in environmental and clinical samples from BU patients showed the same genetic profile of M. ulcerans in the same environment. All these samples were collected in the environment of Haho and Zio rivers in the maritime region.ConclusionThis study confirms the presence of M. ulcerans in the environment of the Zio and Yoto districts of the maritime region of Togo. This may explain partially, the high rates of Buruli ulcer patients in this region. Also, water, plants and soil along the rivers could be possible reservoirs of the bacterium. Therefore, Haho and Zio rivers could be potential sources of infection with M. ulcerans in humans in these districts.

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Multilocus VNTR analysis of Mycobacterium ulcerans strains isolated in Côte d’Ivoire

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Buruli Ulcer, a Prototype for Ecosystem-Related Infection, Caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans

Buruli Ulcer, a Prototype for Ecosystem-Related Infection, Caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans

Tracing Mycobacterium ulcerans along an alimentary chain in Côte d’Ivoire: A one health perspective

Molecular detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in the environment and its relationship with Buruli ulcer occurrence in Zio and Yoto districts of maritime region in Togo

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