Multimedia Databases and Servers

Sterling, Warren M.; Cariño, Felipe; Boss, Catherine

doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1995.tb00411.x

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This also means that this effect is notoriously difficult to correct for, because the underlying null results are usually not published. The phenomenon of publication bias is well-known to occur in statistics and among medical trials (e.g., Sterling 1959;Rosenthal 1979;Begg & Berlin 1988;Naylor 1997;Stern & Simes 1997;Sterne et al 2000), where it could have potentially devastating effects on people's lives, or lead to ineffectual or even counterproductive treatments. Liddle (2004) explains that "[p]ublication bias comes in several forms, for example if a single paper analyses several parameters, but then focusses attention on the most discrepant, that in itself is a form of bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of Local Group Distances: Publication Bias or Correlated Measurements? I. The Large Magellanic Cloud

2014

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The distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) represents a key local rung of the extragalactic distance ladder. Yet, the galaxy's distance modulus has long been an issue of contention, in particular in view of claims that most newly determined distance moduli cluster tightly-and with a small spread-around the "canonical" distance modulus, (m − M) 0 = 18.50 mag. We compiled 233 separate LMC distance determinations published between 1990 and 2013. Our analysis of the individual distance moduli, as well as of their two-year means and standard deviations resulting from this largest data set of LMC distance moduli available to date, focuses specifically on Cepheid and RR Lyrae variable-star tracer populations, as well as on distance estimates based on features in the observational Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. We conclude that strong publication bias is unlikely to have been the main driver of the majority of published LMC distance moduli. However, for a given distance tracer, the body of publications leading to the tightly clustered distances is based on highly non-independent tracer samples and analysis methods, hence leading to significant correlations among the LMC distances reported in subsequent articles. Based on a careful, weighted combination, in a statistical sense, of the main stellar population tracers, we recommend that a slightly adjusted canonical distance modulus of (m − M) 0 = 18.49 ± 0.09 mag be used for all practical purposes that require a general distance scale without the need for accuracies of better than a few percent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of Local Group Distances: Publication Bias or Correlated Measurements? I. The Large Magellanic Cloud

2014

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“…However, when considering results presented for individual data sets drawn from a much larger population of available data one should be aware of the distorting effects of ‘publication bias’, also known as the ‘file‐drawer effect’– the tendency for positive results to be published and negative results to go unreported (‘filed away’). See Sterling (1959), Rosenthal (1979) and Begg & Berlin (1988) for general discussion of publication bias, and also Stern & Simes (1997) and Naylor (1997) for a more recent discussion of the importance of publication bias in the context of medical trials. One way to test for the presence of publication bias is through a ‘funnel plot’, originally proposed to aid meta‐analyses of medical trials (Egger et al 1997), which compares the size of a trial 4 to its estimate of the strength of the effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the evidence for narrow, relativistically shifted X-ray lines

Vaughan¹,

Uttley²

2008

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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In recent years, there have been many reported detections of highly redshifted or blueshifted narrow spectral lines (both emission or absorption) in the X-ray spectra of active galaxies, but these are all modest detections in terms of their statistical significance. The aim of this paper is to review the issue of the significance of these detections and, in particular, take account of publication bias. A literature search revealed 38 reported detections of narrow, strongly shifted (v/c ≥ 0.05) X-ray lines in the 1.5-20 keV spectra of Seyfert galaxies and quasars. These published data show a close, linear relationship between the estimated line strength and its uncertainty, in the sense that better observations (with smaller uncertainties) only ever show the smallest lines. This result is consistent with many of the reported lines being false detections resulting from random fluctuations, drawn from a large body of data and filtered by publication bias such that only the most 'significant' fluctuations are ever reported. The reality of many of these features, and certainly their prevalence in the population at large, therefore remains an open question that is best settled though uniform analysis (and reporting) of higher quality observations.

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Multimedia-From Vision to Reality

Teger

1995

At&T Technical Journal

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Multimedia Databases and Servers

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Clustering of Local Group Distances: Publication Bias or Correlated Measurements? I. The Large Magellanic Cloud

Clustering of Local Group Distances: Publication Bias or Correlated Measurements? I. The Large Magellanic Cloud

On the evidence for narrow, relativistically shifted X-ray lines

Multimedia-From Vision to Reality

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