Multimedia vs concrete model: Review of studies employing the tools in chemistry teaching

Abstract

This paper describes previous studies regarding the use of multimedia or virtual model and concrete model to improve students' understanding of chemistry. Thirty-three relevant papers in various topics, including stereochemistry, symmetry, chemical bonding, law conservation of matter, and others, were found and discussed. In particular, relevant studies in stereochemistry teaching is also discussed.

3D Molecular Interactive Multimedia for Building Chemistry Students' Spatial Ability

“…An ability to understand the 3D structure of a molecule and mentally imagine its behaviour is known as spatial ability [15], [16]. Lohman [9] defines spatial ability as generating, storing, and manipulating abstract visual images.…”

“…Another study employing a 3D molecular model improved chemistry students' understanding of symmetry [15]. Modelling in chemistry has been applied in several areas, including chemical bonding, symmetry, stereochemistry, and other topics [16].…”