Multimodal assessment of flax dew retting and its functional impact on fibers and natural fiber composites

Chabbert, Brigitte; Padovani, Justine; Djemiel, Christophe; Ossemond, Jordane; Lemaitre, Alain; Yoshinaga, Arata; Hawkins, Simon; Grec, Sébastien; Beaugrand, Johnny; Kurek, Bernard

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112255

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…For example, the release of fibers was correlated with a decrease in the concentration of galacturonic acid resulting from the breakdown of pectic material in the middle lamella at the end of retting (Rosemberg and de França, 1967). A recent study of retting dynamics by both scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging and the analysis of certain wall polymers also confirmed the link between the degradation of primary cell walls and fiber middle lamella and the dissociation of fiber bundles (Chabbert et al, 2020). In contrast glucose and mannose/galactose levels remain stable suggesting that secondary cell wall polysaccharides are not degraded (Chabbert et al, 2020).…”

Section: Retting Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…During retting, a number of morphological changes occur, mainly in the outer tissues of the stem (Figure 2A). Parenchyma cells around and between fiber bundles that can be easily observed during the early stages of retting almost disappear at later stages (Chabbert et al, 2020). Fiber bundles themselves also become progressively destructured mainly due to the dissociation of individual fiber cells (Akin, 2003; Figure 2A).…”

Section: Retting and Fiber Cell Wallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degradation of cell wall polymers necessitates the intervention of enzymes belonging to a wide range of different enzyme families ( Figure 2C). In recent studies on hemp and flax retting, exopolygalacturonase and α-L-arabinosidase, β-D-xylosidase and β-D-galactosidase, β-D-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase activities were followed during the retting process (Bleuze et al, 2018;Chabbert et al, 2020). Pectindegrading enzymes are distributed across nine families of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), CE8, PL1, PL2, PL3, PL9, PL10, GH28, GH78, and GH88.…”

Section: Retting Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, we know hardly anything about how assembly, activities (i.e., cell-wall degrading capacity) of the retting microbial community and interactions among members are affected by environmental conditions or by plant genotype (Figure 1). The fact that such considerations are important is demonstrated by the results of several studies that have shown that both abiotic factors (e.g., climate, soil properties) and biotic factors (microorganisms) continue to affect the phenotype of plant fibers after harvest during the process of retting (Martin et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2015;Mazian et al, 2018;Bleuze et al, 2020;Chabbert et al, 2020). As a result, retting of fiber species is largely based upon the farmer's experience and remains a biological black box preventing the development of more objective approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, rapid advances in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies are allowing us to exploit the rapidly expanding field of metagenomics to improve our understanding of retting in flax and other fiber plants (Djemiel et al, 2017;Chabbert et al, 2020). In this paper we review how the application of this approach promises to make a major contribution to the understanding of this complex process and we discuss the perspectives of how related strategies such as metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics could also lead to further advances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeted Metagenomics of Retting in Flax: The Beginning of the Quest to Harness the Secret Powers of the Microbiota

et al. 2020

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Section: Retting Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Retting and Fiber Cell Wallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Retting Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeted Metagenomics of Retting in Flax: The Beginning of the Quest to Harness the Secret Powers of the Microbiota

et al. 2020

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Effects of traditional field retting of hemp on soil organic carbon and the soil microbial community

Lucas

Silvernail

Lewis

2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Retting is a process used with bast fiber crops such as industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) to expedite the separation of fibers from the woody core of the stalk. Field retting involves partial decomposition of stalks on the soil surface and is facilitated by soil microorganisms. Effects of field retting on soil C have not been studied, and little information is available on how field retting affects the soil microbial community. We conducted an experiment to investigate effects of field retting on total organic soil C (TOC), permanganate oxidizable soil C (POXC), and relative abundance of microbial fatty acid methyl ester biomarkers (FAMEs). Four treatments were imposed:(a) no retting (NR), (b) low-density retting (LDR) (2,500 kg stalks ha -1 ), (c) highdensity retting (HDR) (5,000 kg stalks ha -1 ), and (d) control (CON). The NR, LDR, and HDR treatments were conducted on plots where hemp was grown, whereas the CON treatment excluded production and retting. Plots under HDR treatment generally had greater TOC and POXC than plots where no retting occurred. Analysis of FAMEs indicated that soil microbial communities were grouped according to retting treatments. Greater fungal abundance and higher fungi to bacteria ratios were associated with soils where retting occurred. Compared with retting methods where harvested stalks are immediately removed from the field, field retting may mitigate soil C losses associated with harvest and may be a useful component of maintaining soil health when used in concert with management practices that build soil C.

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Water retting process with hemp pre-treatment: effect on the enzymatic activities and microbial populations dynamic

Ventorino,

Chouyia,

Romano

et al. 2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Proper retting process of hemp stems, in which efficient separation of cellulose fiber from the rest of the stem is promoted by indigenous microorganisms able to degrade pectin, is essential for fiber production and quality. This research aimed to investigate the effect of a pre-treatment dew retting in field of hemp stalks on the pectinolytic enzymatic activity and microbiota dynamic during lab-scale water retting process. A strong increase in the pectinase activity as well as in the aerobic and anaerobic pectinolytic concentration was observed from 14 to 21 days, especially using hemp stalks that were not subjected to a pre-retting treatment on field (WRF0 0.690 ± 0.05 U/mL). Results revealed that the microbial diversity significantly varied over time during the water retting and the development of microbiota characterizing the water retting of hemp stalks of different biosystems used in this study was affected by pre-treatment conditions in the field and water retting process and by an interaction between the two methods. Although at the beginning of the experiment a high biodiversity was recorded in all biosystems, the water retting led to a selection of microbial populations in function of the time of pre-treatment in field, especially in bacterial populations. The use of hemp stems did not subject to a field pre-treatment seems to help the development of a homogeneous and specific pectinolytic microbiota with a higher enzymatic activity in respect to samples exposed to uncontrolled environmental conditions for 10, 20, or 30 days before the water retting process. Key points • Microbial diversity significantly varied over time during water retting. • Water retting microbiota was affected by dew pre-treatment in the field. • Retting of no pretreated hemp allows the development of specific microbiota with high enzymatic activity.

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Multimodal assessment of flax dew retting and its functional impact on fibers and natural fiber composites

Cited by 34 publications

References 53 publications

Targeted Metagenomics of Retting in Flax: The Beginning of the Quest to Harness the Secret Powers of the Microbiota

Targeted Metagenomics of Retting in Flax: The Beginning of the Quest to Harness the Secret Powers of the Microbiota

Effects of traditional field retting of hemp on soil organic carbon and the soil microbial community

Water retting process with hemp pre-treatment: effect on the enzymatic activities and microbial populations dynamic

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