Multimodal Imaging of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Gage, Kenneth L.; Thomas, Kerry; Jeong, Daniel; Stallworth, D.G.; Arrington, John A.

doi:10.1177/107327481702400209

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In general, clinical examination per the UK National Multidisciplinary Guidelines involves direct flexible endoscopy of the upper aerodigestive tract and cross-sectional imaging 153 . Both PET–CT and MRI are recommended, the former for primary tumour staging and to assess the extent of soft-tissue spread, and the latter to determine the extent of nodal disease and bony invasion as well as for the detection of distant metastases to the lung and liver 154 . Conversely, in the USA, [ 18 F]fluoro-2-deoxy- d -glucose ( 18 F-FDG) PET–CT is the main modality used to assess the extent of the tumour and presence of metastases, although MRI might be used to assess the extent of local invasion.…”

Section: Clinical Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: epidemiology, molecular biology and clinical management

et al. 2022

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Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) comprises cancers of the tonsils, base of tongue, soft palate and uvula (Fig. 1). Like other head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), OPSCC has historically been linked to alcohol and tobacco consumption. A reduction in the prevalence of smoking in most high-income countries over the past 20 years has led to a decline in the incidence of HNSCC; however, carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has emerged as an important risk factor that has driven an increase in the incidence of OPSCC over the same period. More specifically, HPV now accounts for 71% and 51.8% of all OPSCCs in the USA and UK, respectively [1][2][3][4] . Of these, 85-96% are caused by HPV-16 infections and are therefore expected to be preventable by prophylactic HPV vaccination, which is known to be effective in preventing HPV-associated cervical neoplasia and is now being administered to both boys and girls in several countries 4,5 . The most recent edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system defined HPV-positive (HPV + ) and HPV-negative (HPV -) OPSCCs as separate entities, with distinct molecular profiles, tumour characteristics and outcomes 6 (Table 1). Importantly, the former is associated with a more favourable prognosis 7 . In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of HPV + OPSCC, focusing on how our increasing knowledge of disease biology has informed clinical practice and is guiding the pursuit of improved treatments. Epidemiology Rising incidence, particularly in menAmong all cancers, OPSCC has one of the most rapidly rising incidences in high-income countries 8,9 . An increasing incidence of this disease has been observed in the UK, USA, across Europe, New Zealand and in parts of Asia [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . In both the UK and the USA, the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer in men has surpassed that of cervical cancer in women 8 (Fig. 1). Globally, the percentage of OPSCCs that are HPV + was reported in 2021 to be 33%; however, prevalence varies considerably depending on the geographical region, with estimates ranging from 0% in southern India to 85% in Lebanon 20 .HPV + OPSCC is more prevalent than HPV -OPSCC among those who do not consume tobacco or alcohol; however, a substantial history of tobacco and alcohol use remains prominent in patients with the former and is associated with worse outcomes 21,22 . Furthermore, sexual behaviour is an established risk factor for HPV + OPSCC, with a strong association observed between number of

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Section: Clinical Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: epidemiology, molecular biology and clinical management

et al. 2022

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“…Early detection and treatment of OSCC can effectively improve the survival rates of patients with OSCC 5 . There is no widely accepted screening method for OSCC 6 . Treatment of OSCC includes single modality surgery, radiotherapy, systemic therapy (chemotherapy and/or target agents) or various combinations of these modalities 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel fluorescent GLUT1 inhibitor for precision detection and fluorescence image‐guided surgery in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Tian

Tang

Shi

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Early detection and complete resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are crucial to improving patient survival and prognosis. However, specifically targeted imaging probes for OSCC detection are limited. Our study aimed to synthesize a novel near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) probe for precision detection and fluorescence image-guided surgery in OSCC. Bioinformatics data indicated that glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is highly expressed in patients with OSCC. We demonstrated high and specific GLUT1 expression upon immunohistochemical staining of samples from 20 patients with OSCC. The specific expression of GLUT1 was further validated in both human OSCC cell lines and OSCC tumor xenografts. Based on these findings, the GLUT1 inhibitor WZB117 was utilized to synthesize a novel NIRF imaging probe, WZB117-IR820. The fluorescence molecular imaging data revealed that WZB117-IR820 could specifically bind to the tumor areas in an orthotopic OSCC mouse model after intravenous injection and could be further applied for precision fluorescence image-guided surgery with no residual tumor in the orthotopic CAL27-fLUC mouse tumor model. For further clinical translational application in patients with OSCC, precise delineation of OSCC tumor areas was achieved after topical application of the WZB117-IR820 imaging probe and was validated by histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. In conclusion, we synthesized a novel fluorescent imaging probe, WZB117-IR820, which has potential clinical applications for early detection and fluorescence image-guided surgery in OSCC with no observable toxicity.

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“…Locoregional head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) recurrence is observed in 15-50% of patients and represents a central cause of disease morbidity and mortality [1]. Disfigurement of the normal anatomy and the soft tissue changes occurring mainly after treatment with surgery and radiotherapy complicate the interpretation of imaging findings [2]. The free-text reporting method varies by radiologists' experience level and personal preference, a factor that may not answer modern clinical inquiries [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interreader reproducibility of the Neck Imaging Reporting and Data system (NI-RADS) lexicon for the detection of residual/recurrent disease in treated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)

et al. 2020

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Background: To evaluate the inter-and intrareader agreement and reproducibility of the NI-RADS scoring system and lexicon with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI). Methods: This retrospective study included 97 CECT and CEMRI scans from 58 treated cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) after the exclusion of head and neck cancers (HNCs) other than SCC and noncontrast and poor quality CT and MRI scans, with a total of 111 primary targets and 124 lymph node (LN) targets. Two experienced readers independently scored the likelihood of residual/recurrence for these targets based on the NI-RADS criteria and filled in report templates for NI-RADS lexicon diagnostic features. Inter-and intraobserver reproducibility was assessed with Cohen's kappa, and the percent agreement was calculated. Results: Almost perfect interreader agreement was found for the final NI-RADS category of the primary lesions and LNs, with K = 0.808 and 0.806, respectively. Better agreement was found for CT than for MRI (K = 0.843 and 0.77, respectively, P value 0.001). There was almost perfect agreement for excluding tissue enhancement (K = 0.826, 95% CI = 0.658-0.993, P value 0.001), with a percent agreement of 96.4%, and substantial agreement for discrete nodular and diffuse mucosal enhancement (K = 0.826, 95% CI = 0.658-0.993, P value 0.001), with a percent agreement of 96.4%. There was fair agreement for focal mucosal nonmass and deep ill-defined enhancement. The intrareader agreement was almost perfect for most of the rated features (K ranging from 0.802 to 1), with the exception of enlarging discrete nodule/mass and focal mucosal nonmass-like enhancement, which had substantial intraobserver agreement (K ranging from 0.768 to 0.786). Conclusion: The individual features of NI-RADS show variable degrees of confidence; however, the overall NI-RADS category was not significantly affected.

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Multimodal Imaging of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Abstract: Although generalized treatment pathways and guidelines do exist, the literature is rapidly advancing and new radiotracers and evaluation methods are expected to alter both imaging and treatment recommendations in the years to come.

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: epidemiology, molecular biology and clinical management

HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: epidemiology, molecular biology and clinical management

Novel fluorescent GLUT1 inhibitor for precision detection and fluorescence image‐guided surgery in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Interreader reproducibility of the Neck Imaging Reporting and Data system (NI-RADS) lexicon for the detection of residual/recurrent disease in treated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)

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