Multimode waveguide based directional coupler

Ahmed, Rajib; Rifat, Ahmmed A.; Sabouri, Aydin; AlQattan, Bader; Essa, Khamis; Butt, Haider

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2016.03.015

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Light transmission in silica‐SPOF coupler was simulated through monochromatic (blue, green, and red) light illumination. Minimum light attenuation was measured through green light illumination (λ = 532 nm) at I i port, which was 31 and 5% less as compared to blue (λ = 450 nm) and red (λ = 635 nm) incident light, respectively, when cladding thickness was 0.01 µm, due to the coupling effect and decreased effective RI (Figure b,c) . As the cladding thickness increased from 0.01 to 0.25 µm, the difference in light attenuation among the three incident light wavelengths was reduced to less than 1% (Figure c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Functionalized Flexible Soft Polymer Optical Fibers for Laser Photomedicine

Jiang

Ahmed

Rifat

et al. 2017

Advanced Optical Materials

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Optical waveguides allow propagating light through biological tissue in optogenetics and photomedicine applications. However, achieving efficient light delivery to deep tissues for long‐term implantation has been limited with solid‐state optical fibers. Here, a method is created to rapidly fabricate flexible, functionalized soft polymer optical fibers (SPOFs) coupled with silica fibers. A step‐index core/cladded poly(acrylamide‐co‐poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate)/Ca alginate SPOF is fabricated through free‐radical polymerization in a mold. The SPOF is integrated with a solid‐state silica fiber coupler for efficient light delivery. The cladded SPOF shows ≈1.5‐fold increase in light propagation compared to the noncladded fiber. The optical loss of the SPOF is measured as 0.6 dB cm−1 at the bending angle of 70° and 0.28 dB cm−1 through a phantom tissue. The SPOF (inner Ø = 200 µm) integrated with a 21 gauge needle (inner Ø = 514 µm) is inserted within a porcine tissue. The intensity of light decreases ≈60%, as the SPOF is implanted as deep as 2 cm. Doped with fluorescent dye and gold nanoparticles, the SPOF fiber exhibits yellow‐red and red illumination. Living cells can also be incorporated within the SPOF with viability. The flexible SPOFs may have applications in photodynamic light therapy, optical biosensors, and photomedicine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Functionalized Flexible Soft Polymer Optical Fibers for Laser Photomedicine

Jiang

Ahmed

Rifat

et al. 2017

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…In the proposed PBS, the phase matching criteria is planned only for TE mode. Hence, L C [27,28] is expressed as 5 where λ represents the working wavelength, nTE 0 and nTE 1 are effective indices of TE polarized supermodes. The shorter coupling length (L C ) is achieved for device compactness when the TE modes' index difference is larger.…”

Section: Mode Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-slot ultra-compact polarization beam splitter based on asymmetric hybrid plasmonic structure

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Ma³

et al. 2023

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To improve the extinction ratio of a polarization beam splitter, we propose a dual-slot ultra-compact polarization splitter (PBS) consisting of a hybrid plasma horizontal slot waveguide (HSW) and silicon nitride hybrid vertical slot waveguide (VSW). At the same time, the coating material is silicon dioxide, which can not only prevent the oxidation of the mixed plasma but also facilitate the integration with other devices. The mode characteristics of the HSW and VSW are simulated by using the nite element method (FEM). At suitable HSW and VSW widths, the TE polarization modes in HSW and VSW are phasematched, while the TM polarization modes are phase mismatched. Therefore, the TE mode in HSW waveguide is strongly coupled with VSW waveguide by adopting a dual-slot, while the TM mode directly passes through the HSW waveguide. The results show that PBS achieves an extinction ratio (ER) of 35.1 dB and insertion loss (IL) of 0.34 dB for TE mode at 1.55 µm, For TM mode, PBS reached 40.9 dB for ER and 2.65 dB for IL. The proposed PBS is designed with 100 nm bandwidth, high ER, and low IL, which can be suitable for photonic integrated circuits (PICs).

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“…Near‐field electromagnetic excitation of the metasurface resulted in both parallel and antiparallel currents corresponding to the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes 40. Plastic‐templated metasurface waveguides can support multiple TE and TM modes based on waveguide dimension and effective refractive index changes 41. As refractive index of the surrounding medium increases, effective refractive index value will increase to generate multiple modes and mode‐hybridization will occur, accordingly 42.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[40] Plastic-templated metasurface waveguides can support multiple TE and TM modes based on waveguide dimension and effective refractive index changes. [41] As refractive index of the surrounding medium increases, effective refractive index value will increase to generate multiple modes and mode-hybridization will occur, accordingly. [42] For plasmonic waveguide-based structures guided modes propagate the light that passes through the metal waveguide, termed as "waveguide (WG) mode."…”

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confidence: 99%

Tunable Fano‐Resonant Metasurfaces on a Disposable Plastic‐Template for Multimodal and Multiplex Biosensing

et al. 2020

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Metasurfaces are engineered nanostructured interfaces that extend the photonic behavior of natural materials, and they spur many breakthroughs in multiple fields, including quantum optics, optoelectronics, and biosensing. Recent advances in metasurface nanofabrication enable precise manipulation of light–matter interactions at subwavelength scales. However, current fabrication methods are costly and time‐consuming and have a small active area with low reproducibility due to limitations in lithography, where sensing nanosized rare biotargets requires a wide active surface area for efficient binding and detection. Here, a plastic‐templated tunable metasurface with a large active area and periodic metal–dielectric layers to excite plasmonic Fano resonance transitions providing multimodal and multiplex sensing of small biotargets, such as proteins and viruses, is introduced. The tunable Fano resonance feature of the metasurface is enabled via chemical etching steps to manage nanoperiodicity of the plastic template decorated with plasmonic layers and surrounding dielectric medium. This metasurface integrated with microfluidics further enhances the light–matter interactions over a wide sensing area, extending data collection from 3D to 4D by tracking real‐time biomolecular binding events. Overall, this work resolves cost‐ and complexity‐related large‐scale fabrication challenges and improves multilayer sensitivity of detection in biosensing applications.

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Multimode waveguide based directional coupler

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Functionalized Flexible Soft Polymer Optical Fibers for Laser Photomedicine

Functionalized Flexible Soft Polymer Optical Fibers for Laser Photomedicine

Double-slot ultra-compact polarization beam splitter based on asymmetric hybrid plasmonic structure

Tunable Fano‐Resonant Metasurfaces on a Disposable Plastic‐Template for Multimodal and Multiplex Biosensing

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