Multimorbidity and perceived stress: a population-based cross-sectional study among older adults across six low- and middle-income countries

Abstract

Chronic conditions and multimorbidity are associated with higher levels of stress in older adults in LMICs. Given that perceived stress and chronic conditions are collectively associated with worse health outcomes, low-cost, population-level integrated interventions to address stress among those with chronic conditions are urgently needed.

Effect of programmed exercise on perceived stress in middle-aged and old women: A meta-analysis of randomized trials

“…Middle-aged and old women experience stressful life changes and insomnia, have increased body weight and more significant health worries, low life satisfaction and greater loneliness [10][11][12]16,40]. PE is associated with a higher prevalence of chronic conditions, multi-morbidity and worse health outcomes [41]. Women included in the present meta-analysis had only minor co-morbidities that allow PE to be performed for 6 or 12 months without general negative consequences.…”

Sedentary behaviour and sleep problems among 42,489 community‐dwelling adults in six low‐ and middle‐income countries

“…Adjustment for country was conducted by including dummy variables for each country as in previous SAGE publications (Stubbs, Vancampfort, Firth, et al., ; Stubbs Vancampfort, Veronese, et al., ). All variables were included in the models as categorical variables, with the exception of number of chronic physical conditions and age (continuous variables).…”

“…The estimates for each country were also combined into a random-effect meta-analysis, with the Higgin's I 2 statistic being calculated. The Higgin's I 2 represents the degree of heterogeneity between countries that is not explained by sampling error, with a value of <40% often considered as negligible(Higgins and Thompson 2002).Adjustment for country was conducted by including dummy variables for each country as in previous SAGE publicationsStubbs Vancampfort, Veronese, et al, 2018). All variables were included in the models as categorical variables, with the exception of number of chronic physical conditions and age (continuous variables).…”

Sedentary behavior and perceived stress among adults aged ≥50 years in six low- and middle-income countries

“…The selection of the confounding variables was based on past literature [10,12,19,30]. These included age (years), sex, wealth quintiles based on country-specific income, education (secondary completed or not), marital status (married/cohabiting, never married, separated/divorced/widowed), employment status (engaged in paid work ≥2 days in last 7 days: Y/N), setting (urban/rural), obesity, number of chronic physical conditions, disability, depression, social cohesion, and physical activity.…”