Multiparametric characterization of heterogeneous soft materials using contact point detection-based atomic force microscopy

Yang, Chih‐Wen; Chen, Ching-Hsiu; Ding, Ren-Feng; Liao, Hsien-Shun; Hwang, Ing−Shouh

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.146423

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This goal is achieved by measuring the adhesion force on ODT-coated patterned samples using AFM in the pulsed force mode. , Pulsed force AFM allows one to record the force–distance curve as the microscope tip is approaching and is withdrawn from the sample surface. In this way, it is possible to simultaneously collect topographical and NM two-dimensional (2D) maps of the analyzed surface at the nanometer scale. , For these reasons, pulsed force AFM has found many applications in both materials science, ,− allowing to distinguish between different materials on a given surface (e.g., material recognition in polymer blends), and in biology, , where single protein loop pairs were successfully resolved …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical Characterization of Organic Surface Passivation Films on 50 nm Patterns during Area-Selective Deposition

Pasquali

Sergeant

Conard

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Area-selective deposition (ASD) is a "bottom-up" substrate-selective material deposition process, considered as a promising alternative to current "top-down" pattering techniques. The most studied and successful ASD strategies envisage a combination of atomic layer deposition (ALD) and a passivation layer, which prevents material deposition on the non-growth areas. As ASD targets increasingly smaller dimensions, metrology challenges are prominent along with preserving confined film growth. For patterned substrates with nanometric critical dimensions, only a few characterization techniques can be employed to assess the ASD performance. However, these techniques provide no or little insight into the passivation layer. This is a crucial limitation as the blocking film plays a key role in the ASD process. In this work, pulsed force mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to characterize and monitor the quality of the passivation films by measuring the surface energy fluctuations occurring on the patterned substrate undergoing ASD. As the evolution of the relative adhesion force distribution of the sample under ALD conditions is recorded, the octadecanethiol (ODT) coverage on non-growth areas is accurately estimated. The heavily temperature-dependent self-assembled monolayer degradation revealed by the nanomechanical characterization is supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. As Hf 3 N 4 ALD is performed, the top-down scanning electron microscopy investigation is employed to show the strong relationship between ASD quality upon ALD and pulsed force AFM-derived ODT coverage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical Characterization of Organic Surface Passivation Films on 50 nm Patterns during Area-Selective Deposition

Pasquali

Sergeant

Conard

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…Most of the structures studied here were too thin (<2 nm) for extraction of quantitative stiffness. 31 In addition, extraction of quantitative stiffness values using PFT requires careful calibration of many parameters and meeting some frequency requirements. 32 For the adhesion map, the quantitative values depend on the chemistry of the tip, which varies over time due to adsorption of hydrophobic molecules or fibrils.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stiffness and adhesion maps shown here can only be used for qualitative interpretation and for distinguishing between different structures. Most of the structures studied here were too thin (<2 nm) for extraction of quantitative stiffness . In addition, extraction of quantitative stiffness values using PFT requires careful calibration of many parameters and meeting some frequency requirements .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dissolved Gases on the Amyloid Fibril Morphology

et al. 2020

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The onset or progression of numerous neurodegenerative diseases occurs due to aggregation of proteins that ultimately form fibrils. The assembly and morphology of fibrils are susceptible to environmental factors. In this work, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the effects of dissolved nitrogen and oxygen molecules on the morphology of fibrils formed by a hydrophobic amyloid peptide implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 15 repeats of glycine−alanine, on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite substrate. We started with preformed fibril solutions that were then diluted with buffers of different gas conditions, resulting in the aggregation of the fibrils into different morphologies that were revealed by AFM after adsorption on the substrate. Straight fibrils were observed in both degassed and ambient buffers, but a stronger lateral association was seen in degassed buffers. Smaller and softer fibrils were observed in O 2 -supersaturated buffers, and plaque-like fibril aggregates of considerably large size were evident in N 2 -supersaturated buffers. In overnight incubation experiments, we observed changes in both the morphology and height of the fibril aggregates, and their evolution varied with different gas conditions. These findings indicate that the gas type and concentration affect the aggregation of amyloid fibrils and may facilitate the development of biomaterial applications and treatments for amyloid-related diseases.

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“…Rapid atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanoindentation measurements give tip‐sample interaction curve at each point of the investigated area with a good resolution. Analysis of these data, in addition to the surface topography, gives a contrast of adhesion, stiffness (elastic modulus) of inhomogeneous polymers (Bahrami et al, 2015; Dokukin & Sokolov, 2012; Kaimaki, Smith, & Durkan, 2018; Schön et al, 2011; Yang, Chen, Ding, Liao, & Hwang, 2020; Young et al, 2011), filled rubbers (Cobani et al, 2019; Ohashi, Sato, Nakajima, Junkong, & Ikeda, 2018; Qu et al, 2011; including the stretched state (Morozov, Izumov, & Garishin, 2018) and the vicinity of defects and cracks (Morozov, 2016)), biological objects (Alsteens, Müller, & Dufrêne, 2017; Krieg et al, 2019), coatings (Morozov, Kamenetskikh, Beliaev, Scherban, & Kiselkov, 2020; Wei et al, 2020), and many other materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic force microscopy nanoindentation kinetics and subsurface visualization of soft inhomogeneous polymer

Морозов

2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Modern techniques of nanoindentation by atomic force microscopy (AFM) produce maps of topography and physical‐mechanical properties of the material. Analysis of the interaction rate of the AFM tip with the soft surface reveals the surface and subsurface structure and expands standard analysis of the material behavior. Phase‐separated polymer (polyurethane, elastic modulus—6 MPa) is studied. Reversible inelastic changes of the surface at different stages of indentation were established in dependence on peculiarities of velocity and position of the AFM‐tip in the material: uniform soft nanofilm covering the outer surface gradually passes into fibrillar heterogeneous structure of the polymer. The point of stable mechanical contact is defined, and the elastic moduli of soft and hard blocks of the polymer are estimated using certain intervals of the indentation. The presented methods of surface analysis are useful in the study of a wide class of soft heterogeneous materials.

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Multiparametric characterization of heterogeneous soft materials using contact point detection-based atomic force microscopy

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Nanomechanical Characterization of Organic Surface Passivation Films on 50 nm Patterns during Area-Selective Deposition

Nanomechanical Characterization of Organic Surface Passivation Films on 50 nm Patterns during Area-Selective Deposition

Effects of Dissolved Gases on the Amyloid Fibril Morphology

Atomic force microscopy nanoindentation kinetics and subsurface visualization of soft inhomogeneous polymer

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