Multiparametric MR imaging for differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules: Initial experience in 23 patients

Abstract

The multiparametric MR imaging helps discriminating malignant thyroid nodules from benign ones.

T2* mapping at 3.0T MRI for differentiation of papillary thyroid carcinoma from benign thyroid nodules

“…The majority of the recent DCE-TIC studies of thyroid nodules showed that most malignant thyroid carcinomas displayed a plateau pattern, while most benign lesions showed a rapid washout pattern. [8][9][10] However, Gupta et al's results came to contradictory conclusions using different parameters including dynamic phases, injection rates, contrast dosages, and scan sequence. 11 Based on these contradictory conclusions, reasonable parameters in thyroid DCE-TIC studies still need to be defined.…”

“…In their study the mean ADC values of PTC and contralateral normal thyroid tissue did not show any significant difference, but the mean ADC values of PTCs with extrathyroidal extension (ETE) were significantly lower than that of PTCs without ETE. The majority of the recent DCE‐TIC studies of thyroid nodules showed that most malignant thyroid carcinomas displayed a plateau pattern, while most benign lesions showed a rapid washout pattern . However, Gupta et al's results came to contradictory conclusions using different parameters including dynamic phases, injection rates, contrast dosages, and scan sequence .…”

“…Recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of thyroid nodules have addressed the differentiation between thyroid cancers, especially PTCs, from benign nodules. Current clinical thyroid MRI studies concentrate on the appearance of nodules in a T 1 ‐weighted ( T 1 W) and T 2 ‐weighted ( T 2 W) turbo‐spin echo (TSE) sequence, the diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping, and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) using gadolinium with a time–intensity curve (TIC) …”

“…Current clinical thyroid MRI studies concentrate on the appearance of nodules in a T 1 -weighted (T 1 W) and T 2 -weighted (T 2 W) turbo-spin echo (TSE) sequence, the diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping, 6,7 and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) using gadolinium with a time-intensity curve (TIC). [8][9][10][11] T 2 *-weighted imaging has been use to assess iron overload of the myocardium 12 and the kidneys in thalassemic patients. 13 Mamisch et al used the T 2 * relaxation time to evaluate articular cartilage.…”

Intravoxel incoherent motion and ADC measurements for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules: utilizing the most repeatable region of interest delineation at 3.0 T

“…Accurate image segmentation is the premise of radiomics analyses. Most previous studies adopted a manual single-section (S-S) region of interest (ROI) analysis for the quantitative assessment of thyroid nodules to avoid necrotic, cystic and micro-calcified areas [6,7,[14][15][16][17], while few studies used whole-lesion (W-L) ROI analyses [12,[18][19][20]. Notably, the appropriate ROI size and positioning have considerable influence on the quantitative parameters of tumour and interobserver variability [21,22].…”